dollaro Italian · revision 37758

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1783, Notizie del mondo|origins=de Taler}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈdɔl.la.ro/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dollaro''' ''m'' (plural dollari)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|en|dollar]], first recorded in Italian in 1783.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) The English word, recorded from 1560, is an adaptation of [[nds|daler]], the same coin name as [[de|Taler]].^(DELI 1999)^(DEI|1376)^(GDLI) The German name is short for [[m|de|Joachimsthaler]], a coin of Joachimsthal in Bohemia, whose silver was used for the first such coins.^(Wikizionario)^(DEI|1376)

+

+ Italian took the German word directly as well, as [[tallero]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Zaccaria 1901) GRADIT records the first Italian form as ⟨dolars⟩, and the American sense from 1785.^(GRADIT 2003) French had taken the English word a few years earlier, in 1778.^(DEI|1376)^(GDLI)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is in the newspaper ''Notizie del mondo'' in 1783, for the monetary unit of the United States and other countries.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Before the English word arrived, Giovanni Battista Ramusio had written ''dolar'' for the thaler at the end of the 16th century.^(DEI|1376) The modern word spread with accounts of the new American republic: Carlo Botta's history of the American war uses it, and Zaccaria still listed it as a neologism in 1901.^(Zaccaria 1901)^(GDLI) Tommaseo defined it as a gold coin of the United States.^(Tommaseo–Bellini 1861)

+

+ In the 19th century the word was extended to the currencies of other countries, and GDLI quotes Melchiorre Gioia on rewards in dollars offered by Venezuela in 1818.^(GDLI) In colloquial use the plural can mean money in general,^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(GRADIT 2003) and in nuclear physics the dollar is a unit of a reactor's reactivity.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 16th century – Ramusio writes ''dolar'' for the thaler.^(DEI|1376)

+ * 1778 – French takes the English word.^(DEI|1376)^(GDLI)

+ * 1783 – ''Dollaro'' first appears in Italian, in ''Notizie del mondo''.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * 1785 – The American sense is recorded.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * 1792 – The dollar becomes the currency of the United States.^(DEI|1376)

+ * 1901 – Zaccaria lists the word as a neologism.^(Zaccaria 1901)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|dollar]], the monetary unit of the United States, divided into a hundred cents; also the unit of Canada, Australia and other countries.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(colloquial, chiefly plural)'' [[m|en|money]]: ''Con quell'affare ha fatto parecchi dollari.''^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # ''(physics)'' A unit of the [[m|en|reactivity]] of a nuclear reactor.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dollarizzare]]

+ * [[superdollaro]]

+ * [[dollarone]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tallero]]

+ * [[en|dollar]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The symbol is $.^(Zingarelli 2010) The augmentative ''dollarone'' is used colloquially.^(Zingarelli 2010) Treccani records ''area del dollaro'', the countries whose international trade is settled in dollars.^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}