injury English · revision 3768

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1382|origins=la iūs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈɪn.dʒᵊr.i/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|injurie]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) [[bor|xno|injurie|t=wrongful action]] (Old French injure),^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(NODE 1998) from [[la|iniūria|t=wrong, injustice, insult, damage]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) the noun use of the feminine of [[m|la|iniūrius|t=wrongful, unjust]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[m|la|iūs|t=right, law]] (genitive iūris).^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) It is related to [[just]], [[jury]] and [[jurist]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Wrongful action or treatment, violation of another's rights: 1382 in the OED,^(OED 1989) about 1384 in the Wycliffe Bible according to Barnhart.^(Barnhart 1988) Etymonline dates it to the late 14th century, in the sense “harm, damage, loss”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The first sense was a wrong or injustice, as in Latin;^(Hoad 1986)^(OED 1989) insulting or offensive words followed in 1514, a sense now obsolete,^(OED 1989)^(Hoad 1986) and hurt or loss suffered by a person or thing from about 1430.^(OED 1989)^(Hoad 1986) A bodily wound is recorded in 1599.^(OED 1989) The verb [[injure]], “to treat unjustly”, is from about 1450,^(Barnhart 1988) partly a back-formation from the noun,^(Barnhart 1988) and its sense “to harm, damage” from 1586.^(Barnhart 1988) In law the old sense of a violation of rights survives.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1382 – wrongful treatment.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1430 – harm, loss.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1450 – verb ''injure''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1514 – insulting words.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1599 – a bodily wound.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Physical harm or damage to a person or thing.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # A particular hurt, such as a [[wound]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # ''(law)'' A violation of another's rights for which legal redress is available.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # ''(archaic)'' An [[insult]].^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[noninjury]]

+ * [[reinjury]]

+ * [[self-injury]]

+ * [[repetitive strain injury]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[injure]]

+ * [[injurious]]

+ * [[just]]

+ * [[jury]]

+ * [[jurist]]

+ * [[justice]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In Devon dialect, ''to do an injury to'' someone was to cast the evil eye on them, to bewitch them.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}