riuscire Italian · revision 37619

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1268, Tuscan translation of Albertano da Brescia|origins=la exeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ri.uʃˈʃi.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''riuscire''' (first-person singular present rièsco, first-person singular past historic riuscìi, past participle riuscìto, auxiliary èssere)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|it|ri-|uscire]], with the prefix in its repetitive sense (“to go out again”) or as an intensive.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) Nocentini starts from the early senses “to come out at a place” and “to have an outcome”, from which came “to have a good outcome, succeed”.^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ The base verb continues [[la|exeō|t=to go out]], with its ⟨u-⟩ taken from [[uscio|t=door]].^(REW 1935)^(LEI|22, 291) DEI notes that Tuscan speech has levelled the alternation between ⟨riesco⟩ and ⟨riuscire⟩, as in Pistoiese ⟨riusco⟩.^(DEI|3268)

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+ [[fr|réussir]] was borrowed from the Italian verb.^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935)^(Wiktionary) It is recorded from 1531.^(DIFIT)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The LEI's earliest record is in a Tuscan translation of Albertano da Brescia by Andrea da Grosseto (1268), where the verb means “to leave a place”.^(LEI|22, 291) DELI's earliest dated sense is “to have good fortune, succeed”, in Chiaro Davanzati in the 13th century;^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) GRADIT dates the word from Dante's ''Commedia'' (1313–1319), where it means “to come out at a place, lead to”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 14th century the verb meant going out again or by another way, as in Boccaccio, and of events and undertakings having an outcome, good or bad, as in Giovanni Villani before 1348.^(DELI 1999)^(LEI|22, 291) Used absolutely for “to work out well” it is in the 1532 edition of Ariosto's ''Orlando furioso'';^(DELI 1999) Francesco Guicciardini (before 1540) uses it for “to turn out to be”.^(DELI 1999)

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+ The modern modal use, being able to do something, appears in Benvenuto Cellini before 1571, and the sense “to have an aptitude” in 1557;^(DELI 1999) Tommaseo–Bellini (1872) records it for a person reaching an aim.^(DELI 1999) The noun ''riuscita'' “outcome” is in Giovanni Villani, and “good result” in Paolo Giovio before 1552.^(DELI 1999)

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+ French took ''réussir'' in the 16th century, first for something turning out a certain way (1531), then for a good outcome (1540) and for a person's success (1624).^(DIFIT)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1268 – A Tuscan translation of Albertano da Brescia uses ''riuscire'' for leaving a place.^(LEI|22, 291)

+ * 13th century – Chiaro Davanzati uses it for having success.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1313–1319 – Dante uses it for coming out at a place.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+ * Before 1348 – Giovanni Villani uses it for the outcome of events, and the noun ''riuscita''.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1362–1364 – Boccaccio uses it for going out again.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1531 – French ''réussir'' is first recorded.^(DIFIT)

+ * 1532 – Ariosto uses it absolutely for working out well.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1571 – Benvenuto Cellini uses it for being able to do something.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|manage]], to be able, followed by ''a'' and an infinitive: ''Non riesco a dormire con questo caldo.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # To [[m|en|succeed]], to have a good outcome, of things; of people, to do well, in a field or in life.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

+ # To turn out, to end up in a certain way, often with ''bene'' or ''male'' or a predicate: ''Il dolce è riuscito troppo asciutto.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To prove to be, to become; also to be placed in a ranking.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To have an aptitude for something.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # To go out again, or to come out by another way than the one by which one entered.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+ # ''(uncommon)'' Of a road or passage, to come out, [[m|en|lead]] somewhere; figuratively, to be getting at something.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[riuscita]]

+ * [[riuscito]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[uscire]]

+ * [[uscita]]

+ * [[fr|réussir]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The verb is conjugated like ''uscire'' (''riesco'', ''riesci'', ''riusciamo'') and takes ''essere''.^(Wiktionary)^(Zingarelli 2010)^(Treccani 2011) A popular form ''riescire'' also exists.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Treccani 2011) In the impersonal use the person is the indirect object: ''non mi riesce di'' … “I can't manage to …”.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(Zingarelli 2010)

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}