uscire Italian · revision 37607

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 13th century, Novellino|origins=la eō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /uʃˈʃi.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''uscire''' (first-person singular present èsco, first-person singular past historic uscìi, past participle uscìto, auxiliary èssere)^(Wiktionary)

+ Older and regional forms are ''escire'', ''oscire'' (Jacopone) and ''usire''.^(Prati 1951|1031)^(Wiktionary)^(DEI|3963) The present has ''e-'' when the stem is stressed (''esco'', ''esci'', ''escono'') and ''u-'' when it is not (''usciamo'', ''uscite'').^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Treccani 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|exeō|t=to go out]], from [[m|la|ex-|t=out]] and [[m|la|eō|t=to go]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) The initial /u/ is due to the influence of [[uscio|t=door]], a word of different origin but close in meaning.^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(Wiktionary) The Latin /ks/ came out as /ʃ/ rather than /ss/, a development that is far from isolated.^(DELI 1999) Devoto–Oli explains the /u/ by the darkening of /e/ before the stress, and the older form [[escire]] kept the vowel.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Prati 1951|1031)

+

+ The Latin verb is found throughout the Romance languages: [[fro|issir]] (whence the participle [[fr|issu]]), [[oc|eisir]], [[ca|eixir]], [[pt|exir]], [[sc|bessire]] and [[ro|ieși]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935) In French and Spanish it gave way to the descendants of other verbs, [[fr|sortir]] and [[es|salir]], and in the Italian dialects next to France it gave way to [[sortire]].^(LEI|22, 291) Forms with /n/ from [[ne]] are Tuscan [[nuscire]] and [[scn|nèsciri]], and in Calabria the verb has blended with the verb for “to be born”.^(DEI|3963)^(REW 1935)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI dates the verb to the end of the 13th century, in the ''Novellino'', for a living being going out of a closed or bounded place and for things or liquids coming out.^(DELI 1999) Dante uses it in the ''Convivio'' (1304–1307).^(LEI|22, 291)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Figurative uses followed early: Dante uses the verb for “to turn out, result”, and Giovanni Villani (before 1348) for “to come from, originate”.^(DELI 1999) From the 16th century it was said of a book coming out (Della Casa, before 1556) and of a name or number drawn by lot (1600).^(DELI 1999) Francesco Redi (before 1698) is the first to use it for going out for pleasure, and in 1891 Petrocchi records “to leave a state or condition”, especially as ''uscirne''.^(DELI 1999) In modern use ''uscire con qualcuno'' means “to go out with someone, date”, and in football it is said of a goalkeeper leaving the goal line.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ The prefixed ''riuscire'' “to succeed” passed into French as ''réussir''.^(REW 1935) The noun ''uscita'' “exit, way out; expenditure” dates from Dante (1304–1308).^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 13th century – The ''Novellino'' uses the verb for going out of a place.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1304–1307 – Dante uses it in the ''Convivio''.^(LEI|22, 291)

+ * Before 1348 – Giovanni Villani uses it for “to originate”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1556 – Giovanni Della Casa uses it of a book being published.^(DELI 1999)

+ * 1600 – The sense “to be drawn by lot” is recorded.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1698 – Francesco Redi uses it for going out for pleasure.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To go out, come out, [[m|en|leave]] an enclosed or bounded place: ''È uscito dall'ufficio alle sei.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To go out, especially for entertainment: ''Il sabato sera esco con gli amici.''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+ # ''uscire con'': to go out with, [[m|en|date]] someone.^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To leave a state, condition or period: ''uscire da una crisi''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(DELI 1999)

+ # Of a book, film or product, to come out, be [[m|en|publish|alt=published]] or released: ''Il suo nuovo disco esce a marzo.''^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(DELI 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of a number or name, to be drawn in a lottery or by lot.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)^(DELI 1999)

+ # To come from, descend from, originate in.^(DELI 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(football)'' Of a goalkeeper, to come off the goal line to reach the ball; of the ball, to go out of play.^(Sabatini–Coletti 2026)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[uscita]]

+ * [[uscente]]

+ * [[riuscire]]

+ * [[fuoruscito]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[uscio]]

+ * [[uscirsene]]

+ * [[esito]]

+ * [[la|exeo]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Uscire'' takes the auxiliary ''essere''.^(Wiktionary)^(Gabrielli 2020) ''Uscire di casa'' and ''uscire da casa'' are both used.^(Zingarelli 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}