praeda Latin · revision 3754

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=compound|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *gʰed-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈprae̯.da]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈprɛː.da]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praeda''' ''f'' (genitive praedae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is usually explained as *prai-χed-ā-, “what one takes beforehand”, from [[m|la|prae-]] and the root of [[prehendo|alt=prehendō]] “to seize”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Livingston argues that it rather contains an o-grade noun, *prai-χod-ā-, and de Vaan finds her convincing.^(de Vaan 2008) The verb is [[itc-pro|*(prai-)χend-]], from [[ine-pro|*gʰ-n(e)-d-|t=to seize]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The archaic ablative was [[m|la|praidad]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Livius Andronicus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) who writes “the booty was shared equally among the partners”.^(OLD 2012) The column of Duilius records a gift of naval booty to the people.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant booty taken in war or by robbery, plunder, as Ennius' “the army overflows with plunder”, Cicero's ''praedas facere'' and Caesar's taking of plunder.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant the prey of a hunter or a wild beast, as Plautus' hunter coming home with his catch.^(OLD 2012)

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+ From this it meant the reward of any effort, gain or profit, as in Plautus' auction, “there will be gain for those present”.^(OLD 2012) In Medieval Latin it also meant cattle.^(Köbler 2010) English ''prey'' came from it through Old French in the mid-13th century, and ''predator'' from its derivative ''praedator'' in 1862.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 280/260 – before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it of shared booty.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a hunter's catch and of profit.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of plunder.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-13th century – English ''prey'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Booty]], [[m|en|plunder]], spoils.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|Prey]], game.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Gain, profit.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Cattle.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praedātus]]

+ * [[praedō]]

+ * [[praedor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[prehendo]]

+ * [[en|prey]]

+ * [[en|predator]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein says ''praeda'' and ''manubiae'' were booty as gain, while ''spolia'' and ''exuviae'' were also marks of victory and honour.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}