sentire Italian · revision 37532

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 12th century, Ritmo cassinese|origins=ine-pro *sent-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /senˈti.re/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sentire''' (first-person singular present sènto, first-person singular past historic sentìi, past participle sentìto, auxiliary avére)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Italian also has ''sentére''.^(DEI|3456)

+ With a change of conjugation, the verb is [[pms|sènte]] and [[egl|sénter]].^(DEI|3456)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|la|sentiō|t=to perceive, feel; to think]].^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary) The word is panromance: [[fr|sentir]], [[oc|sentir]], [[ca|sentir]], [[es|sentir]], [[pt|sentir]], [[sc|sentire]], [[dlm|senter]] and [[ro|simți]].^(Nocentini 2010)^(REW 1935)

+

+ The Latin verb continues [[itc-pro|*sentiō]], from [[ine-pro|*sent-|t=to notice, feel]].^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan connects it above all with Baltic and Slavic words for thinking, such as [[lt|sintėti|t=to think]], and doubts that it is the same root as the one meaning “to go” in [[sga|sét|t=road]] and Germanic words for a road.^(de Vaan 2008) Nocentini instead joins them, comparing [[goh|sin|t=sense, direction]] (the source of [[senno]]) and the Old Irish word, and supposes an original meaning “to head for”, from which came “to pay attention, to think”.^(Nocentini 2010) Devoto also links it with [[de|Sinn]] and [[m|de|sinnen]].^(Devoto 1968|401)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ DELI's first record is in the ''Ritmo cassinese'', at the end of the 12th century, in the sense “to perceive the outside world through the senses”.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003) GDLI quotes its line “Homo ki fame unqua non sente” (a man who never feels hunger).^(GDLI|18, 668)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Physical feeling, “to feel a sensation in the body”, is recorded before 1306 in Iacopone, and “to be able to appreciate, to understand” and the reflexive ''sentirsi'' (to feel oneself, to feel well or ill) before 1321 in Dante.^(DELI 1999) The intransitive ''sentire di'', “to smell or taste of”, is in the Italian version of Pietro de' Crescenzi's treatise, around 1350.^(DELI 1999) Old Italian also used it for “to judge, to think”, following Latin literary tradition, and Giovanni Villani for “to consent”.^(DEI|3456) The infinitive became a noun, ''il sentire'', “feeling, sensibility”, before 1306 in Iacopone.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+

+ “To hear” is already in Dante and is now one of the main senses.^(DEI|3456)^(GRADIT 2003) In speech the imperative ''senti!'', ''senta!'' draws the listener's attention, and ''senti, senti!'' expresses surprise or irony.^(GRADIT 2003) Latin derivatives of the verb reached Italian by the learned route, among them [[sentenza]] and [[sentimento]];^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010) ''sentimentale'' came back through the English ''sentimental'' of Laurence Sterne's ''Sentimental Journey'' (1768).^(DELI 1999)^(Nocentini 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * End of the 12th century – The ''Ritmo cassinese'' has ''sente'', “feels”.^(DELI 1999)^(GDLI)

+ * Before 1306 – Iacopone uses it for bodily sensation, and ''sentire'' as a noun.^(DELI 1999)

+ * Before 1321 – Dante uses the reflexive ''sentirsi'' and the sense “to appreciate, understand”.^(DELI 1999)

+ * About 1350 – ''Sentire di'', “to smell or taste of”, in the Italian Crescenzi.^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|feel]], to perceive a sensation of the body: ''sento un dolore al ginocchio'', ''sentire freddo''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Devoto–Oli 2026)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|hear]]: ''ho sentito un rumore in cantina''.^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To listen to: ''stasera andiamo a sentire un’orchestra di Vienna''.^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # To [[m|en|smell]] or taste, to recognize by the senses: ''senti che profumo di pane!''^(GRADIT 2003)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' In the imperative, to draw attention: ''senti, mi presti la penna?''^(GRADIT 2003)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' ''sentire di'', to smell or taste of.^(DELI 1999)

+ # ''sentirsi'', to feel (in a certain state): ''mi sento stanchissimo''.^(DELI 1999)^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(literary)'' Feeling, moral [[m|en|sensibility]].^(GRADIT 2003)^(DELI 1999)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sentito]]

+ * [[sentitamente]]

+ * [[sentore]]

+ * [[risentire]]

+ * [[risentimento]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sensazione]]

+ * [[senso]]

+ * [[sentenza]]

+ * [[sentimento]]

+ * [[sentinella]]

+ * [[sentimentale]]

+ * [[senziente]]

+ * [[senno]]

+ * [[la|sentio]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Common phrases are ''farsi sentire'' (to make oneself heard; to keep in touch), ''non sentire ragioni'' (to refuse to listen) and ''non si sente volare una mosca'' (you could hear a pin drop).^(GRADIT 2003)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}