zodat Dutch · revision 37434

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1236, Middle Dutch (Ghent)}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /zoːˈdɑt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''zodat'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|sodat]], formed in Middle Dutch [[af|nl|zo|dat]]: the adverb in the sense “in such a way, to such a degree” followed by the conjunction.^(Wiktionary)^(MNW)^(WNT)^(ANW) The Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal treats the closed form and the phrase written separately in one article, since the conjunction is still often split by other words.^(WNT) The same pairing is found in [[gml|so dat]] and [[de|sodass]].^(MNW)

+

+ As the stress on the first part weakened, so did its meaning, and the compound came to express a looser consequence of what went before.^(MNW)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Early Middle Dutch dictionary finds it first in a Ghent charter of 1236, in a rule on someone who wounds his neighbour, without breaking the skin, “so that he sheds blood”.^(VMNW) The Chronologisch woordenboek dates its use as a subordinating conjunction to 1285, in a rhymed Bible from West Flanders.^(Van der Sijs 2001)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In 13th-century Middle Dutch ''sodat'' did more than introduce a result: at the head of a sentence it moved a story on (“and then, in that situation”), and it could also mean “while”, “until” and even “because”.^(VMNW)^(MNW) These looser senses were lost, and modern Dutch keeps the clause of consequence.^(WNT)^(Van Dale 2014)

+

+ The Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal notes uses in which result shades into purpose, as in a text of 1516, and uses in which the old adverb still means “to such a degree” or “in such a way”.^(WNT) In Groningen the word is also an adverb, “so, therefore”, recorded in 1952.^(WNT)

+

+ The conjunction passed into Negerhollands as ''sodat'' and into Sranan Tongo as ''sodati'', where it can also mean “in order that”, and Afrikaans has [[m|af|sodat]].^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1236 – A Ghent charter uses ''so dat'' to introduce a consequence.^(VMNW)

+ * 1285 – A West Flemish rhymed text uses it to move a narrative on, “and then”.^(VMNW)^(Van der Sijs 2001)

+ * 1501 – The first quotation in the Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal.^(WNT)

+ * 1516 – A use in which result and purpose blend.^(WNT)

+ * 1952 – ''Zodat'' as an adverb “therefore” is recorded in Groningen.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Conjunction===

+ # ''(subordinating)'' [[m|en|so that]], with the result that: ''Het regende hard, zodat de wedstrijd werd afgelast.''^(ANW)^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+ # In order that, introducing an aim: ''Spreek wat luider, zodat iedereen je verstaat.''^(Wiktionary)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[opdat]]

+ * [[de|sodass]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}