zoveel Dutch · revision 37419

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1236, Middle Dutch (Ghent)}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /zoːˈveːl/^(Wiktionary)

+ * Stressed: /ˈzoː.veːl/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''zoveel'''^(Wiktionary)

+ The older spelling is ''zooveel'', and also separately, ''zoo veel''.^(Wiktionary)^(WNT) Middle Dutch has ''sovele'', ''souele''.^(VMNW)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|sovele]], [[af|dum|so|vele|t1=so|t2=much, many]], the adverb meaning “so” with the numeral meaning “much”: the modern [[zo]] and [[veel]].^(VMNW)^(WNT)^(Wiktionary)^(ANW)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle Dutch ''souele'' is first recorded in Ghent in 1236, in a rule for brothers and sisters who may eat twice a day when not fasting: ''met souele moten si hem onthouden'' “with so much they must content themselves”.^(VMNW)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Middle Dutch the word was used on its own and with a partitive genitive, as in ''so vele volcs'' “so many people” (1285), and as an adverb with verbs; in a West Flemish text of 1287 squid fly about a ship in such numbers that they sink it.^(VMNW)

+

+ The Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal has it from 1501 with ''als'', “as much as”, and with ''dat'' for a consequence, “so much that” (1520).^(WNT) The phrase ''zoveel mogelijk'' “as much as possible” is found in 1703.^(WNT) From it came the ordinal [[zoveelste]] “umpteenth” and [[zoveeljarig]].^(WNT)^(Wiktionary) Van Dale gives ''zoveel als'' “more or less the same as” and ''met zoveel woorden'' “in so many words, explicitly”.^(Van Dale 2014)

+

+ Negerhollands borrowed the word as ''sooveel'' and Berbice Dutch as ''sofele'' or ''sufele''.^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1236 – Middle Dutch ''souele'' “so much” is first recorded, in Ghent.^(VMNW)

+ * 1285 – ''So vele volcs'' “so many people” is used with a genitive.^(VMNW)

+ * 1287 – The adverb is recorded in West Flanders.^(VMNW)

+ * 1501 – ''Zoeveel … als'' “as much as” appears.^(WNT)

+ * 1703 – ''Soo veel moogelijk'' “as much as possible” is recorded.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # So much, so many; that much, that many: ''Ik had niet verwacht dat er zoveel mensen zouden komen.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A certain number, known or taken as known: ''Hij krijgt zoveel euro per uur.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # Used when the exact number does not matter or is not known: ''op de zoveelste van de maand''.^(Van Dale 2014)

+

+ ===Adverb===

+ # So much, to such a degree: ''Ze is zoveel beter geworden.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[evenzoveel]]

+ * [[zoveeljarig]]

+ * [[zoveelste]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[zo]]

+ * [[veel]]

+ * [[hoeveel]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Zoveel als'' can mean “more or less the same as”, and ''met zoveel woorden'' “in so many words, explicitly”.^(Van Dale 2014)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}