hoeveel Dutch · revision 37376

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1282, Middle Dutch (Wateringen, Holland)}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ɦuˈveːl/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hoeveel'''^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also written separately, ''hoe veel'', as Kiliaan still did in 1588.^(Wiktionary)^(WNT) Middle Dutch also had ''hoevele'' and ''hoevoel''.^(MNW)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|nl|hoe|veel]], a univerbation already made in Middle Dutch as [[m|dum|hoevele]].^(VMNW)^(WNT)^(Wiktionary) The interrogative adverb joined with the indefinite numeral and gave an interrogative numeral, which in a few early texts also works as an adverb.^(VMNW)^(ANW)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The oldest record is in a Holland charter from Wateringen of 1282: ''des ic niet ne weet hoe vele'', “of which I do not know how much”.^(VMNW) A Nederrijn text of 1270 already uses it as an adverb, “to what extent”: man should consider in his heart how much better human nature is than the nature of animals.^(VMNW)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal separates its use before a plural noun, “what number”, from its use before a collective noun or a mass, “what amount”, as in a question about how much money a student gets from his father.^(WNT) It can stand alone with a plural left out, and then takes the plural ''hoevelen'' for persons: ''met hoevelen zijt gij wel?'' (1853).^(WNT) In older Dutch the numeral could stay uninflected with a verb in the singular, as in 1688.^(WNT) Alone, it can also mean a sum of money, as in a text of 1582, or how much one has been through, as in an exclamation of 1904 on all a couple had suffered.^(WNT)

+

+ The word was taken into Negerhollands (''hoeveel'', ''huwēl'') and Berbice Dutch (''hufele'').^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary) Afrikaans has [[m|af|hoeveel]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1270 – Middle Dutch ''hoe vele'' as an adverb, “to what extent”.^(VMNW)

+ * 1282 – ''Hoe vele'' “how much” in a charter from Wateringen.^(VMNW)

+ * 1456 – ''Hoevoell gelts'' “how much money” in a Holland text.^(MNW)

+ * 1582 – ''Voor hoe veel'' “for how much (money)”.^(WNT)

+ * 1588 – Kiliaan gives ''hoe veel'' for Latin ''quot'' and ''quantum''.^(WNT)

+ * 1853 – ''Met hoevelen zijt gij wel?'' “how many of you are there?”^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Determiner===

+ # [[m|en|how many]], what number: ''hoeveel broers heb jij?''^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)^(WNT)

+ # [[m|en|how much]], what amount: ''hoeveel melk moet erin?''^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)^(WNT)

+ # To what extent, how much: ''je weet niet hoeveel ik aan je denk''.^(WikiWoordenboek)^(VMNW)

+

+ ===Pronoun===

+ # How many people, with the plural ''hoevelen'': ''met hoevelen waren jullie?''^(Wiktionary)^(WNT)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[hoeveelheid]]

+ * [[hoeveelste]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hoe]]

+ * [[veel]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}