eerder Dutch · revision 37365

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1637, States Bible (Hebrews 13:19)|origins=gem-pro *airi}}

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+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈeːr.dər/^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Forms==

+ '''eerder''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|nl|eer|-er]], a new comparative of the adverb [[eer]] “before, sooner”, formed when the old comparative [[m|dum|eerre]] was no longer recognised as one.^(EWN)^(WNT)^(Wiktionary) The regular comparative ending /ər/ takes an epenthetic /d/ after /r/ in Dutch, as in [[zwaarder]]; the same /d/ grew between ⟨l⟩ and ⟨r⟩ in [[kelder]] and between ⟨n⟩ and ⟨r⟩ in [[donder]], but only after /r/ is it still productive.^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971)

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+ The old form, [[dum|eerre|t=former]], continuing [[odt|*ēriro]] and [[gem-pro|*airizô|t=earlier, former]], was an adjective built on the comparative adverb [[gem-pro|*airiz|t=earlier]].^(EWN)^(Wiktionary) The same adjective is [[goh|ēriro]], [[ofs|ērra]] and [[ang|ǣrra]].^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle Dutch ''eerre'' “former, previous” is quoted from 1391, of the children of a man's former wife, and the EWN dates it to 1423.^(MNW)^(EWN) The new form ''eerder'' is first recorded in the States Bible of 1637, at Hebrews 13:19: ''op dat ick te eerder u-lieden magh wedergegeven worden'' “that I may be restored to you the sooner”.^(Van der Sijs 2001)^(WNT)^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)

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+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek notes that as an adjective ''eerder'' had gone out of use, and the Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal calls the adjective unusual in 1916, but Van Dale lists it again in the sense “previous”.^(MNW)^(WNT)^(Van Dale 2014) As an adverb it means “at an earlier time” and, comparing two possibilities, “more likely, rather”, as in a text of 1676 on sea creatures that seemed rather to fly than swim.^(WNT)^(Van Dale 2014) Negerhollands borrowed it as ''eerder'', ''ēdǝr'', ''redǝ'' “earlier, rather”.^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1391 – Middle Dutch ''eerre'' “former” is quoted.^(MNW)

+ * 1637 – ''Eerder'' is first recorded, in the States Bible.^(Van der Sijs 2001)

+ * 1676 – The adverb is used in the sense “rather, more likely”.^(WNT)

+ * 1811 – The adjective ''eerder'' “former” is quoted, a rare use.^(WNT)

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+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|earlier]], [[m|en|previous]], former: ''bij een eerder bezoek''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

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+ ===Adverb===

+ # ''earlier'', sooner, at a former time: ''Kom morgen wat eerder.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+ # with more reason, more likely: ''Dat lijkt me eerder een vergissing.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # [[m|en|rather]], sooner (of preference).^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Word family==

+ * [[eerdergenoemd]]

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+ ==Related words==

+ * [[eer]]

+ * [[eerst]]

+ * [[en|ere]]

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+ ==Usage notes==

+ Wiktionary also lists two rare nouns spelled ''eerder'', both formed with ''-er'' from the verbs ''eren'': one who honours, and a ploughman.^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}