juist Dutch · revision 37334

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1337–1382, Middle Dutch (Flanders)|origins=la iūstus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /jœy̯st/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''juist''' (comparative juister, superlative meest juist or juistst)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|juust]], [[bor|fro|juste|t=exact, right]], [[der|la|iūstus|t=just, righteous]], a derivative of [[m|la|iūs|t=right, law]].^(EWN)^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)^(Wiktionary)^(De Vries 1971) The French adjective meant “exact” from 1350 and “true” from 1595, and the sense “righteous” was taken straight from Latin.^(EWN) The Dutch ⟨ui⟩ stands for the French ⟨u⟩, as in [[luister]].^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912)

+

+ The French word was also borrowed into German, Low German and Danish as [[m|de|just]] and into English as [[m|en|just]].^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912)^(WNT) Vercoullie traced the Latin noun to a root meaning “to bind”, the root of [[juk]].^(Vercoullie 1925)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle Dutch ''juust'' is first recorded in Flanders in 1337–1382, of a measure that is fixed in the town as ''gherechte ende juuste'', “correct and exact”.^(EWN)^(MNW)^(Van der Sijs 2001) The adverb ''juuste'' “exactly” follows in 1340, of keys that fit each other ''juust''.^(MNW)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ About 1460 the adverb meant both “exactly” and “just at that moment”, in ''yuust te gemoet comt mi tserpent'', “just then the serpent comes towards me”.^(EWN)^(MNW) An emphatic use appears in 1587, and Kiliaan in 1599 gives ''juyst'' and ''just'' as “righteous”, a sense now dated.^(EWN)^(WNT) The meaning “precisely, exactly the thing” is common by 1765, and “true, correct”, as of remarks or a claim, is recorded in 1867.^(EWN)^(WNT)

+

+ The Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal records the adjective of a well-built person (1782) and of a fair judgement (1784), uses now obsolete.^(WNT) In Belgium the word was also said with a French ⟨j⟩ as ''just'', and northern popular speech had ''sjuust''.^(WNT)

+

+ Dutch passed the word to West Frisian ''just'', German [[m|de|just]] “just now”, Swedish ''just'' “exactly” (from Dutch or Low German), Ambonese Malay ''yuist'', Papiamentu ''yeistu'' and Sranan Tongo ''yoisti'', and Afrikaans has [[m|af|juis]].^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1337–1382 – Middle Dutch ''juust'' “correct, exact”, of a measure in Flanders.^(EWN)^(MNW)

+ * 1340 – The adverb ''juuste'' “exactly”.^(MNW)

+ * c. 1460 – ''Yuust'' “just at that moment”.^(EWN)^(MNW)

+ * 1587 – ''Iust'' as an emphatic particle.^(EWN)

+ * 1599 – Kiliaan gives ''juyst'' “righteous”.^(EWN)

+ * 1867 – ''Juist'' “true”, of remarks.^(EWN)^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|correct]], true, right: ''het juiste antwoord''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # Proper, fitting, as required: ''op het juiste moment''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT)

+ # Exact, [[m|en|precise]]: ''de juiste maat''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT)

+ # ''(dated)'' [[m|en|just]], fair, in keeping with what is right.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT)

+

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Exactly, precisely: ''dat is juist wat ik bedoel''.^(Wiktionary)^(Van Dale 2014)

+ # ''(formal)'' Just, a moment ago: ''hij is juist vertrokken''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # Emphasising a contrast, on the contrary, actually: ''nee, ik vind het juist leuk''.^(Wiktionary)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[juistheid]]

+ * [[onjuist]]

+ * [[zojuist]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[justitie]]

+ * [[en|just]]

+ * [[fr|juste]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Dat is het hem nou juist'' means “that is exactly the problem”.^(Van Dale 2014) In the sense “a moment ago”, ''zojuist'' and ''net'' are more usual than plain ''juist''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}