veranderen Dutch · revision 37333

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1291, Middle Dutch (Oudenaarde)|origins=nl ander}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /vəˈrɑndərə(n)/, /vərˈɑn.də.rə(n)/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''veranderen'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|veranderen]], formed with the prefix [[ver-]] from the adjective [[ander]] “other”, literally “to make other”.^(EWN)^(VMNW)^(Wiktionary) The same formation is [[gml|veranderen]] and [[gmh|verandern]] (modern [[de|verändern]]).^(MNW)^(WNT)

+

+ Because the verb appears relatively late in Dutch, Middle Low German and Middle High German, the Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal suggests that it may have been made as a loan translation of [[la|alterō|t=to change]].^(WNT) In 1617 the verb was in fact put forward as a native replacement for the loanword ⟨altereeren⟩.^(WNT) Beside it there was a dialect form ⟨veraaren⟩, built on ⟨aar⟩ “other”, used by Bredero in 1622.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is from Oudenaarde in East Flanders in 1291, where the infinitive used as a noun, ''telken veranderne'', means “at each transfer of the property”: the oldest sense is legal, “to bring into other hands”.^(EWN)^(VMNW) The sense “to alter, change” follows in a Mechelen text of 1301, on ordinances that ''verandert sijn'', “have been changed”.^(EWN)^(VMNW)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Middle Dutch used the verb transitively for altering something, for exchanging one thing for another, as in changing the medicine on a wound, and reflexively.^(MNW) The intransitive sense “to become different” is recorded in 1573, in the ''Thesaurus'' of Plantin.^(EWN) A Bible translation of 1526 has Jacob complain that Laban changed his wages ten times.^(WNT)

+

+ ''Dat verandert de zaak'', “that puts a different light on it”, is recorded by Van Dale in 1898.^(WNT) In Belgium the conductors' cry ''veranderen!'' for changing trains was criticised by De Vreese in 1899 as a gallicism after French ''changer''.^(De Vreese 1899)

+

+ Dutch passed the verb on to Danish [[m|da|forandre]] and Norwegian ''forandre'' (from Dutch or Low German), to Ambonese and Manado Malay ''ferander'', Javanese ''plander'', Negerhollands ''verander'' and Sranan Tongo ''frander''.^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary) Afrikaans has [[m|af|verander]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1291 – ''Veranderne'' “transfer of property” in Oudenaarde.^(EWN)^(VMNW)

+ * 1301 – ''Verandert'' “altered”, of ordinances, in Mechelen.^(EWN)^(VMNW)

+ * 1526 – Laban changes Jacob's wages ten times.^(WNT)

+ * 1573 – The intransitive sense “to become different”.^(EWN)

+ * 1617 – ''Veranderen'' is proposed as a native word for ''altereeren''.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(transitive)'' To [[m|en|change]], make different, [[m|en|alter]]: ''ze veranderde de titel van haar boek''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To change, become different: ''de stad is sterk veranderd''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[veranderaar]]

+ * [[veranderbaar]]

+ * [[verandering]]

+ * [[veranderlijk]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ander]]

+ * [[wijzigen]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Dat verandert de zaak'' means “that changes things”.^(WNT)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}