sonus Latin · revision 3733

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Ennius|origins=ine-pro *swenh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsɔ.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsɔː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sonus''' ''m'' (genitive sonī or sonūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*swonos]], [[inh|ine-pro|*swónh₂os]], from the root [[m|ine-pro|*swenh₂-|t=to sound]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The verb [[sono|alt=sonō]] “to sound” is from the same root.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Georges compares [[sa|स्वन|tr=svaná|t=sound]].^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Ennius onwards,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who writes “a harsh sound ran through the bronze” and “the sweet voice of Egeria answered him”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a sound or noise, as Sisenna's Gauls advancing with great uproar and Cicero's flutes that give no sound.^(OLD 2012) It meant articulate sound, speech or utterance, as Ennius' Egeria, and the distinctive quality of a voice, pronunciation or accent, as Cicero's urban accent of Rome compared with the Attic.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Cicero also used it of the highest and lowest musical notes.^(Georges 1913) Figuratively it meant tone or style.^(Wiktionary) In Medieval Latin it was the ringing of bells.^(Köbler 2010) English ''sound'' came from it through Old French ''son'' in the late 13th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of sound and voice.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 120–67 BC – Sisenna uses it of the noise of an army.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the Roman accent.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 13th century – English ''sound'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|sound]], noise.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Speech, utterance; a voice.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Tone, [[m|en|accent]], pronunciation.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Tone, style.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The ringing of bells.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[īnsonus]]

+ * [[sonipēs]]

+ * [[sonīvius]]

+ * [[aegisonus]]

+ * [[dulcisonus]]

+ * [[grandisonus]]

+ * [[raucisonus]]

+ * [[absonus]]

+ * [[bisonus]]

+ * [[dissonus]]

+ * [[personus]]

+ * [[multisonus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[circumsonus]]

+ * [[sonābilis]]

+ * [[sonāns]]

+ * [[sonāx]]

+ * [[sonitō]]

+ * [[sonitus]]

+ * [[sonō]]

+ * [[sonor]]

+ * [[sonōrē]]

+ * [[sonōritās]]

+ * [[en|sound]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}