soort Dutch · revision 37323

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1350, Middle Dutch|origins=fr sorte}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /soːrt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''soort''' ''n'' (plural soorten, no diminutive)^(Wiktionary)

+ It is neuter or common gender in the general sense (''het soort'', ''de soort''), but only common gender in the biological sense.^(Wiktionary)^(Van Dale 2014)^(ANW)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|sorte]], [[bor|fr|sorte|t=sort, class]], from [[la|sors|t=lot, share, rank; manner]], genitive ⟨sortis⟩.^(EWN)^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)^(Wiktionary) The EWN derives the Latin noun probably from the root of [[la|serō|t=to string together]], since a lot was drawn from a row, the root of [[serie]].^(EWN) Franck and Van Wijk, De Vries and Vercoullie take the French word in turn from [[it|sorta]].^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912)^(De Vries 1971)

+

+ It came in as a trade word: “lot” gave “class of goods”, which in turn gave “quality, kind”.^(De Vries 1971)^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912) Middle Low German has [[m|gml|sorte]] from 1381, while early modern German took [[m|de|Sorte]] directly from French, and the English word [[m|en|sort]] has the same French source.^(De Vries 1971)^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record is from about 1350, in ''die es comen van onser soorte'', “who belongs to our circle”.^(EWN)^(Van der Sijs 2001) The trade sense follows in 1450: ''drie sortten van inghelse lakenen'', “three sorts of English cloth”.^(EWN)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Kiliaan's dictionary of 1599 gives ''sort, soorte'' as “quality, sort, type”, and in 1602 a text speaks of ''een sekere soorte van hart hout'', “a certain kind of hard wood”.^(EWN)^(WNT) The biological sense “species” appears in 1666, ''de soort in wezen houwen'', “to keep the species alive”.^(EWN) ''Een soort (van)'', “a kind of, something like”, is recorded from 1714, people ''van het allergemeenste soort'', “of the lowest sort”, from 1763, and ''soort'' as “quality” in ''een soortje minder'' (1809).^(EWN)^(WNT) The adjective ''soortelijk'' came in the late 18th century, and ''soortelijk gewicht'' “specific gravity” was in use by 1888.^(EWN)

+

+ The proverb ''soort zoekt soort'', “like seeks like”, replaced the older ''gelijk zoekt gelijk'': Tuinman has ''soorte by soorte'' (1727), and the modern wording is quoted from 1868.^(Stoett 1923)^(WNT) In Jewish Amsterdam ''de rechte soort!'' was ironic, “just what you'd expect from him!”.^(Beem 1974)^(Van de Kamp 2006)

+

+ Dutch ''soort'' passed into German as [[m|de|Sorte]] in the sense “quality class”, into Sranan Tongo as [[m|srn|sortu]], and into Negerhollands and Berbice Dutch.^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1350 – ''Van onser soorte'', “of our circle”.^(EWN)^(Van der Sijs 2001)

+ * 1450 – ''Drie sortten van inghelse lakenen'', a trade use.^(EWN)

+ * 1599 – Kiliaan lists ''sort, soorte''.^(EWN)

+ * 1666 – The biological sense “species”.^(EWN)

+ * 1714 – ''Een soort van hoffelykheit'', “a kind of courtesy”.^(EWN)

+ * 1727 – ''Soorte by soorte'' in Tuinman's proverbs.^(WNT)

+ * 1888 – ''Soortelijk gewicht'' “specific gravity”.^(EWN)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # a [[m|en|kind]], [[m|en|sort]], a group of people or things that share certain features: ''Wat voor soort muziek luister je?''^(Van Dale 2014)^(ANW)^(Wiktionary)

+ # quality, grade: ''appels van de eerste soort''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT)

+ # ''(een soort (van))'' something like, a kind of: ''Het was een soort feest.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(EWN)

+ # ''(biology)'' a [[m|en|species]], a group of organisms that can interbreed, ranked below the genus.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[soortelijk]]

+ * [[boomsoort]]

+ * [[graansoort]]

+ * [[houtsoort]]

+ * [[lettersoort]]

+ * [[plantensoort]]

+ * [[ondersoort]]

+ * [[soortgelijk]]

+ * [[soortgenoot]]

+ * [[soortnaam]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sorteren]]

+ * [[assortiment]]

+ * [[en|sort]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Enig in zijn soort'' means unique of its kind, and ''met alle soorten van genoegen'' is a jocular “with the greatest pleasure”.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT) ''In alle soorten en maten'' means in every variety.^(Van Dale 2014)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}