luister Dutch · revision 37271

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1562–1592, Early Modern Dutch (Dendermonde)|origins=ine-pro *lewk-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈlœy̯s.tər/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''luister''' ''m'' (uncountable, no diminutive)^(Wiktionary)

+ In the 16th century the word was also written ''luster'', the form Junius used in 1567;^(EWN)^(WNT) Kiliaan in 1599 gives both.^(EWN)^(WNT)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|lustre|t=shine, splendour]], which came into Dutch in the 16th century.^(EWN)^(WNT)^(Van der Sijs 2001) The French noun, recorded from 1482, is [[der|it|lustro|t=gleam; glory]], formed from the verb [[m|it|lustrare|t=to glorify; to light up]], which was taken from [[la|lūstrō|t=to illuminate]].^(EWN)^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)^(De Vries 1971) The Latin verb must be derived from an unrecorded noun [[m|la|*lūstrum|t=light]], from [[ine-pro|*leuk-stro-]], a derivative of the root [[m|ine-pro|*lewk-|alt=*leuk-|t=light, bright]], the source also of [[licht]].^(EWN)^(Vercoullie 1925)

+

+ In Dutch the vowel of the French word was lengthened before ⟨st⟩ and then diphthongised from /uː/ to /œy/, as in [[juist]].^(EWN)^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912)^(WNT) The older form ⟨luster⟩ stood beside it for some time.^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912)^(WNT) The same French word was borrowed again later, in Belgian Dutch [[luster]] “chandelier”.^(EWN)^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912) Other Dutch words from the Latin verb are [[illuster]] and [[illustreren]].^(EWN)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The oldest record is a Flemish ordinance of 1562–1592 that allows the drapers of Dendermonde to weave by their old custom, provided their cloth still has ''luyster'', “gloss”.^(EWN)^(MNW) Junius's Nomenclator of 1567 glosses ''luster'' as “shine, gleam”, and Kiliaan in 1599 has ''luster'' and ''luyster'' for “splendour, brilliance”.^(EWN)^(WNT)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The word began as a term for the sheen of fabric, a technical sense the Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal still records in 1666, when French cloth was said to differ from Dutch and English cloth in quality and ''luyster''.^(WNT)^(MNW) In the 17th century it was also used of light shining from a body, as in a proverb of 1643 that bright fire has great ''luyster'' but its child the smoke is dark, of the gleam of pearls and precious stones (1630), and later of the sparkle of the eyes (1785).^(WNT)

+

+ The figurative sense “glory, honour” is first found in Kiliaan.^(MNW) From the 17th century it dominates: in 1629 the Nile is called the ''luyster'' of Egypt, and ''met luister'' means “splendidly”.^(MNW)^(WNT) Apart from the technical sense the word has always belonged to an elevated style.^(WNT) Bredero's play ''Rodd'rick ende Alphonsus'' of 1611 has the mock oath ''pots honderd twyntig luyster'', which Van Sterkenburg explains as a disguised form of “by God's splendour”.^(Van Sterkenburg 2001)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1562–1592 – ''Luyster'', the gloss of cloth, in a Flemish ordinance.^(EWN)^(MNW)

+ * 1567 – ''Luster'' “shine” in Junius's Nomenclator.^(EWN)^(Van der Sijs 2001)

+ * 1599 – Kiliaan records ''luster'' and ''luyster'' “splendour”, and the sense “glory”.^(EWN)^(MNW)

+ * 1611 – Bredero uses the oath ''pots honderd twyntig luyster''.^(Van Sterkenburg 2001)

+ * 1629 – The Nile is called ''Egyptens luyster''.^(WNT)

+ * 1666 – French cloth is compared with Dutch cloth for its ''luyster''.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|splendour]], [[m|en|lustre]]: an impressive, radiant beauty.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|glory]], renown, the honour something gives to a person or occasion: ''iets luister bijzetten'', to add lustre to an event.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # ''(dated)'' Shine, gleam, especially the [[m|en|gloss]] of a fabric.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[luisterrijk]]

+ * [[ontluisteren]]

+ * [[opluisteren]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[luster]]

+ * [[illuster]]

+ * [[illustreren]]

+ * [[licht]]

+ * [[fr|lustre]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The noun has nothing to do with [[luisteren]] “to listen”.^(EWN)^(WNT) In North Holland, western North Brabant, Antwerp and the Waasland a dialect word ''luister'' (also ''uister'', ''unster'') means a [[m|en|steelyard]]: it continues 16th-century ''unster'', a derivative of Middle Dutch ''unce'' “ounce”, from Latin ''uncia''.^(Weijnen 2003)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}