wanneer Dutch · revision 37267

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1220–1240, Middle Dutch|origins=ine-pro *kʷos}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ʋɑˈneːr/^(Wiktionary)

+ * Netherlands: [ʋɑˈnɪːr], [ʋɑˈnɪər]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Belgium: [βɑˈneːr]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''wanneer'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|wanneer]], also written separately ⟨wan eer⟩, [[af|dum|wan|eer|t1=when|t2=earlier, before]], literally “when earlier”.^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971)^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912) The same compound is [[osx|hwan ēr]] and [[ofs|hwanēr]] (modern [[fy|wannear]]).^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971)^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)

+

+ The first part, with the by-form ⟨wanne⟩, is a simple word mainly in eastern Old and Middle Dutch, as in [[odt|wanne]] around 1100.^(EWN) It is the same as [[osx|hwanna]], [[goh|hwanne]] (modern [[de|wann]] and [[m|de|wenn]], kept apart in function only since the 18th century), [[ang|hwænne]] (modern [[en|when]]) and [[got|𐍈𐌰𐌽|tr=ƕan]], from [[gem-pro|*hwan]].^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971)^(Wiktionary) It goes back to [[ine-pro|*kʷom-nē]], from the interrogative stem [[m|ine-pro|*kʷos|alt=*kʷo-]] (see [[hoe]]), with the suffix also found in [[dan]]; [[la|cum|t=when]] (older ⟨quom⟩) and [[lt|kà|t=when]] are related.^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971) A similar formation gave the conjunction [[want#3]].^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971)

+

+ The poetic [[wen]] “when” continues the first part on its own.^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912) Middle Dutch ⟨hoeneer⟩ is better seen as a later blend with the word for “how” than as an old formation.^(Van Haeringen 1936)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The oldest record is from 1220–1240, in a line saying that someone lamented loudly ''wan eer so hoge tijt gelach'', “whenever a high feast came”.^(EWN)^(VMNW) A charter of 1236 begins ''waner men desen brief in diedsch lesen sal'', “when this letter is read out in Dutch”, and the interrogative use is found in 1276–1300: ''wanneer starf di'', “when did you die?”^(EWN)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the start the word was both an interrogative adverb and a conjunction of time.^(EWN) The Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal adds a relative use after a word of time (''tot allen tyden, wanneer…'', 1505), now-obsolete ''als wanneer'' “after which” (1624) and the conditional sense “in which case”.^(WNT) ''Wanneer dat'' with a redundant ''dat'' is found in 1557.^(WNT)

+

+ Dutch took the word to Negerhollands and Berbice Creole Dutch ([[brc|wanere]]), and it lives on in Afrikaans [[m|af|wanneer]].^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1220–1240 – Middle Dutch ''wan eer'' “when”.^(EWN)^(VMNW)

+ * 1236 – ''Waner'' in a charter.^(EWN)

+ * 1276–1300 – Interrogative ''wanneer'': ''wanneer starf di''.^(EWN)

+ * 1505 – Relative ''wanneer'' after a word of time.^(WNT)

+ * 1552 – ''Wanneer salt kint kersten gedaen worden?'' “when will the child be christened?”^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # At what time, [[m|en|when]]: ''wanneer kom je terug?''^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Under what circumstances.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT)

+

+ ===Conjunction===

+ # When, at the moment that.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # [[m|en|if]], in case.^(Van Dale 2014)

+ # [[m|en|whenever]], each time that.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[wen]]

+ * [[eer]]

+ * [[hoe]]

+ * [[dan]]

+ * [[want#3]]

+ * [[en|when]]

+ * [[de|wann]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}