decido Latin · revision 3723

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *keh₂id-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [deːˈkiː.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [deˈt͡ʃiː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēcīdō''' (present infinitive dēcīdere, perfect active dēcīdī, supine dēcīsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|de-|caedo|alt1=dē-|alt2=caedō|t2=to cut]], with the vowel weakened in the compound.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Wiktionary) The verb is [[inh|itc-pro|*kaid-e/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*keh₂id-|t=to strike, cut]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it of cutting off a neck and, figuratively, of cutting short a trick.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to cut off, as Cato's olive cuttings and Tacitus' ears, and to reduce by cutting, as Horace's “humbled with clipped wings”.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) It meant to mark out by notches, and in law to flog thoroughly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Figuratively it meant to settle or decide a matter, and with ''cum'' to come to terms with someone, as Cicero's settlement with Chrysogonus, ''damnum decidere'' was to agree on the penalty.^(OLD 2012) English ''decide'' came from it through Old French in the late 14th century, first “to settle a dispute”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of cutting off.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of olive cuttings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of coming to terms.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''decide'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cut off, cut out.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To reduce by cutting, clip.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To mark out by notching.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|flog]] thoroughly.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To settle, [[m|en|decide]], ''damnum decidere'': to agree on a penalty.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To come to terms.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēcīsiō]]

+ * [[dēcīsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[caedo]]

+ * [[en|decide]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A different verb ''dēcidō'', ''dēcidere'', with a short ''i'', comes from [[cado|alt=cadō]] and means “to fall down”, as Plautus' “I fall headlong from the couch”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}