vandaag Dutch · revision 37214

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1488, Middle Dutch (Gouda)}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /vɑnˈdaːx/^(Wiktionary)

+ * Northern: [vɑnˈdaːχ], [fɑnˈdaːχ], [fənˈdaːχ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Southern: [vɑnˈdaːç], [vənˈdaːç]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Suriname: [fanˈdaːx]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vandaag'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|nl|van|dag]], a contraction of the Middle Dutch dative phrase [[m|dum|van den daghe|t=on this day]].^(EWN)^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)^(Vercoullie 1925)^(Wiktionary) The article ⟨den⟩ was dropped, as German ⟨von dem⟩ became ⟨vom⟩, and the final ⟨-e⟩ of the dative was lost.^(EWN) The same pattern gave [[vanmorgen]], [[vanochtend]], [[vanmiddag]], [[vanavond]] and [[vannacht]].^(EWN)^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912)

+

+ The older word was [[heden]], from a pronoun stem and the instrumental of [[dag]], which is now mostly limited to writing and the pulpit.^(WNT) The English word [[m|en|today]], [[ang|tō dæg]], was also a new formation, while [[de|heute]] and [[fy|hjoed]] kept the old type, and [[da|i dag]] is a phrase with a preposition.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle Dutch used the full phrase, as in ''De tiende wile van den daghe'', “at the tenth hour today”, of 1285.^(EWN)^(VMNW) The contracted form ''vandaich'' is first found in a legal text of Gouda of 1488, which orders all the guilds to have a torch made that day to receive the duke with honour.^(EWN)^(WNT)^(Van der Sijs 2001)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The phrase still appears written separately in the 16th and 17th centuries, as in ''van dage'' (1508) and ''tis van daegh, Den vierden Februarij'' (1612).^(EWN) From the plain sense “on this day” developed ''vandaag de dag'' and ''vandaag aan de dag'', “nowadays”, recorded from 1932.^(WNT)^(Van Dale 2014) In the south, ''de dag van vandaag'' was formed after French ''le jour d’aujourd’hui'', and a writer of 1806 already mocked it.^(WNT) ''Van vandaag op morgen'', “overnight, at once”, follows French ''du jour au lendemain''.^(WNT)

+

+ The word spread with Dutch: German dialects near the border have ''vandage'', and it was taken into Javindo, Negerhollands (''fanda''), Berbice Dutch (''fandaka'') and Skepi Dutch (''fandak''), which passed it on to Virgin Islands Creole.^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary) Afrikaans has [[m|af|vandag]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1285 – The phrase ''van den daghe'' “today” is recorded.^(EWN)

+ * 1488 – The contracted form ''vandaich'' appears in Gouda.^(EWN)^(Van der Sijs 2001)^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)

+ * 1612 – ''Tis van daegh, Den vierden Februarij'' “today is the fourth of February” is written.^(EWN)

+ * 1806 – ''De dag van vandaag'' is criticised as a gallicism.^(WNT)

+ * 1932 – ''Vandaag den dag'' “nowadays” is recorded.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|today]], on this day: ''Vandaag gaan we naar de markt.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(ANW)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(vandaag de dag)'' nowadays, at present.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dag]]

+ * [[van]]

+ * [[heden]]

+ * [[gisteren]]

+ * [[morgen]]

+ * [[vanavond]]

+ * [[vannacht]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Dat is niet van vandaag of gisteren'' means that something is well founded and has been thought over.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}