vader Dutch · revision 37193

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 8th century, Old Dutch (Utrecht baptismal vow)|origins=ine-pro *ph₂tḗr}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈvaː.dər/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vader''' ''m'' (plural vaders or vaderen or gevaderen, diminutive vadertje n or vaderke n, feminine moeder)^(Wiktionary)

+ The contracted form ''vaar'' is recorded from 1528 and survives in dialects and in the saying ''een aardje naar zijn vaartje''.^(WNT)

+ Pet forms include ''va'' and dialectal ''vaat''.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|vader]], [[inh|odt|fadar]], [[inh|gmw-pro|*fader]], [[inh|gem-pro|*fadēr|t=father]].^(EWN)^(Wiktionary)^(Kroonen 2013) The same word is [[osx|fadar]], [[goh|fater]] (modern [[de|Vater]]), [[ofs|feder]] (modern [[fy|faar]]), [[ang|fæder]] (modern [[en|father]]), [[non|faðir]] and [[got|𐍆𐌰𐌳𐌰𐍂|tr=fadar]], which is rare in Gothic beside the usual ⟨atta⟩.^(EWN)^(Kroonen 2013)^(WNT)

+

+ The Germanic noun continues [[ine-pro|*ph₂tḗr|t=father]], the source also of [[la|pater]] and [[grc|πατήρ|tr=patḗr]], and of words for “father” in Sanskrit, Old Irish, Armenian and Tocharian.^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971)^(Kroonen 2013) It is one of the Indo-European kinship terms in ⟨*-ter-⟩, like [[broeder]], [[moeder]] and [[dochter]].^(EWN) Wiktionary gives an earlier Germanic ⟨*faþḗr⟩, whose ⟨þ⟩ became ⟨d⟩ because the stress fell on the suffix, as in the Indo-European form.^(Wiktionary)^(Kroonen 2013)^(EWN) Following the legal historian Jost Trier, De Vries notes that the word did not first name the begetter but the head of the family, a legal role;^(De Vries 1971)^(De Vries & De Tollenaere 2004|398) Trier's further link with words for an enclosure is called uncertain.^(De Vries 1971)^(De Vries & De Tollenaere 2004|398)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The oldest record is the Utrecht baptismal vow of the late 8th century, in which the convert professes belief ''in got alamehtigan fadaer'' “in God the almighty Father”.^(EWN)^(ONW)^(Van der Sijs 2001) The 10th-century Wachtendonck Psalms call God ''fadera uueisono'' “father of orphans”, and in 1101 ''Vader'' appears as the byname of a man in Ghent, Rotbertus Vader.^(EWN)^(ONW)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the start the word named both the human father and God.^(ONW) Middle Dutch texts often pair it with ''moeder''.^(VMNW) From 1240 it glosses Latin ''pater'' and ''genitor''.^(VMNW) It was used for a spiritual father too: in the east, a godfather was ''gevader'' or ''vadder''.^(MNW) In the Middle Ages people swore in court by their father or mother, and the formula ''bi den vader die mi ghewan'' “by the father who begot me” later turned into an oath.^(Van Sterkenburg 2001) The compound [[vaderland]] began as a Biblical word for the heavenly home, ''hemelsche vaderlant'' (1340–1360), and then meant one's native region; it renders Latin ''patria''.^(EWN)

+

+ Modern Dutch also uses ''vader'' for a forefather, for the founder or originator of something, and for a man who heads an institution, as in ''weesvader'' “father of an orphanage”.^(Van Dale 2014)^(ANW)^(WNT) The contracted ''vaar'' (1528) belonged to everyday and dialect speech; the saying ''een aardje naar zijn vaartje hebben'' “to take after one's father” was already very common in the 17th century.^(WNT)^(Stoett 1923) In Surinamese Dutch ''mijn vader!'' is an exclamation of surprise or dismay.^(Van Donselaar 1989)

+

+ The word passed into Negerhollands (''vader'', ''fādǝ''), Berbice Dutch (''fadir''), Javindo (''fader'') and Ambonese Malay, where ''fader'' addresses a man of one's father's age, and Danish, Norwegian and Swedish took ''fadder'' “godparent” from Dutch or Low German.^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 8th century – Old Dutch ''fadaer'' in the Utrecht baptismal vow.^(ONW)^(Van der Sijs 2001)^(EWN)

+ * 901–1000 – ''Fadera uueisono'' “father of orphans” in the Wachtendonck Psalms.^(EWN)

+ * 1101 – ''Vader'' as a byname in Ghent.^(ONW)

+ * 1201 – Middle Dutch ''vader'', in a Lower Rhine text.^(VMNW)

+ * 1240 – ''Vader'' glosses Latin ''pater'' and ''genitor'' in Limburg.^(VMNW)^(EWN)

+ * 1340–1360 – ''Vaderlant'' “heavenly fatherland”.^(EWN)

+ * 1528 – The contracted form ''vaar''.^(WNT)

+ * 17th century – ''Een aardje naar zijn vaartje'' is in common use.^(Stoett 1923)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|father]], a man who has or has [[m|en|beget|alt=begotten]] one or more children: ''Haar vader werkt in de haven.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(ANW)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(chiefly plural, vaderen)'' A [[m|en|forefather]], an ancestor.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WNT)

+ # [[m|en|founder|alt=Founder]], originator: the man who thought of or created something.^(Van Dale 2014)^(ANW)

+ # A man who acts as a father to others, or who heads an [[m|en|institution]].^(ANW)^(WNT)

+ # ''(Vader)'' God, especially the first person of the [[m|en|Trinity]].^(Van Dale 2014)^(ANW)^(ONW)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vaderland]]

+ * [[aartsvader]]

+ * [[bestevader]]

+ * [[grootvader]]

+ * [[huisvader]]

+ * [[kerkvader]]

+ * [[pleegvader]]

+ * [[schoonvader]]

+ * [[stiefvader]]

+ * [[vaderfiguur]]

+ * [[vaderlijk]]

+ * [[vaderschap]]

+ * [[voorvader]]

+ * [[vaar]]

+ * [[gevader]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|father]]

+ * [[de|Vater]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The plural is usually ''vaders'';^(WNT)^(Wiktionary) ''vaderen'' is used for forefathers and in a few fixed phrases.^(WNT)^(Wiktionary) ''Vadertje Staat'' is the state pictured as a father who provides.^(Van Dale 2014)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}