praten Dutch · revision 37150

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=onomatopoeia|attested=1440–1450, Middle Dutch}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈpraːtə(n)/, [ˈpräːtən], [ˈpräːtø̜]^(Wiktionary)

+ * East, North: [ˈpräːtn̩]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praten'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|praten]], a word of unclear origin, perhaps imitative of chatter.^(EWN)^(Van Veen & Van der Sijs 1997)^(WNT) The only close relative is [[gml|prāten|t=to talk, babble]].^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971) [[en|prate]] (from about 1420), [[sv|prata]] and [[da|prate]] were probably borrowed from Middle Low German or Dutch.^(EWN)^(WNT)^(De Vries & De Tollenaere 2004|296)

+

+ Some have compared [[pl|bredzić|t=to talk nonsense]] and [[ru|бредить|tr=brédit’]], but De Vries found this unlikely for a fairly young, West Germanic word.^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971)^(De Vries & De Tollenaere 2004|296) De Vries also linked [[non|pati|t=chatter, rumour]] and dialectal [[de|pfattern|t=to mumble]], taking the ⟨r⟩ as an expressive insertion.^(EWN)^(De Vries 1971) Wiktionary thinks it probably related to [[gem-pro|*prattuz|t=boastful talk]], and Franck–Van Wijk discuss it together with [[prat]].^(Wiktionary)^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912) North Brabant dialects have a long ⟨ô⟩ and the Saxon east ⟨å̂⟩, and Middle Dutch also had [[m|dum|proten]].^(Franck & Van Wijk 1912)^(MNW)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The earliest record is a Holland text of 1440–1450 in which Jesus kept silent and let Pilate ''praten'' “talk”.^(EWN)^(MNW)^(Van der Sijs 2001) A text of 1470–1490 has ''mit praten ende mit lieflic cozen'', “with talking and sweet words”.^(EWN)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal describes ''praten'' as a synonym of [[spreken]] and [[zeggen]] limited to familiar speech, but not vulgar.^(WNT) Kiliaan and Plantijn gloss it with Latin and French words for idle talk, and the senses still range from talking at all to chatting, discussing and gossiping.^(MNW)^(Van Dale 2014) ''Over koetjes en kalfjes praten'', to talk about nothing in particular, was first said of farmers talking about their cattle;^(Stoett 1923) Van Effen used it in the 18th century.^(Stoett 1923)

+

+ Dutch spread the verb widely: it is West Frisian [[m|fy|prate]], Afrikaans [[m|af|praat]] (and South African English ''praat''), Negerhollands ''praat'' and Skepi Dutch ''prat''.^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1440–1450 – Middle Dutch ''praten'' “to talk”, in Holland.^(EWN)^(Van der Sijs 2001)

+ * 1470–1490 – ''Mit praten ende mit lieflic cozen''.^(EWN)

+ * 1477 – The Teuthonista lists ''praten'' among words for speaking.^(MNW)^(De Vries 1971)

+ * 1784 – ''Ik hoorde O. praaten'' “I heard O. talking” in another room.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|talk]], to say one's thoughts aloud.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To talk with someone, to discuss: ''daar valt wel over te praten''.^(Van Dale 2014)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # To bring someone into a state by talking: ''iemand iets uit zijn hoofd praten'', to talk someone out of something.^(Van Dale 2014)

+ # To [[m|en|chatter]], to [[m|en|gossip]].^(Van Dale 2014)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To say: ''onzin praten''.^(Van Dale 2014)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[prater]]

+ * [[gepraat]]

+ * [[bepraten]]

+ * [[napraten]]

+ * [[ompraten]]

+ * [[overpraten]]

+ * [[goedpraten]]

+ * [[aanpraten]]

+ * [[praatgraag]]

+ * [[praatziek]]

+ * [[praatstoel]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[prat]]

+ * [[en|prate]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Praten als Brugman'' is to talk a lot and with conviction.^(Van Dale 2014)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}