nodig Dutch · revision 37143

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=14th century, Middle Dutch|origins=gem-pro *naudiz}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈnoːdəx/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nodig''' (comparative nodiger, superlative nodigst)^(Wiktionary)

+ The older spelling is ''noodig''.^(Wiktionary)^(WNT)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|dum|nôdich]], [[inh|gmw-pro|*naudīg]], [[inh|gem-pro|*naudīgaz|t=necessary; forced]], a derivative of the noun [[gem-pro|*naudiz|t=need]] with the suffix that became [[-ig]].^(Wiktionary)^(WNT)^(De Vries 1971) It can be analysed as [[af|nl|nood|-ig]].^(De Vries 1971)^(ANW)^(WikiWoordenboek) The WNT notes that the derivative is already Common Germanic.^(WNT) The same word is [[gml|nodich]] and [[goh|nōtac]] (modern [[de|nötig]]); compare [[en|needy]].^(MNW)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle Dutch ''nodich'' first meant “needy, in want”, as in a 14th-century Flemish or Brabant text that calls a rich man foolish who is ''nodich'' and will not give.^(MNW) The same text uses it as a noun, ''den nodichen girichen'', “the stingy miser”.^(MNW)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From “needy” Middle Dutch ''nodich'' moved to “stingy, mean”, and it could also mean “strict, sparing no one”.^(MNW)^(De Vries 1971) Plantin (1573) and Kiliaan (1588) still translated it with Latin words for “needy”, but that sense was soon obsolete.^(WNT)

+

+ In the 17th century ''noodig'' meant “inevitable”, as in ''een noodich quaet'', “a necessary evil” (1605), and above all “required, needed”, opposed to what is merely useful: ''het onderscheyd van noodigh, en van nut'' (1625).^(WNT) The second sense is the modern one.^(Van Dale 2014)^(ANW)

+

+ The word was borrowed into Negerhollands, Kupang Malay and Papiamentu ([[m|pap|nodo]]), and lives on in Afrikaans [[m|af|nodig]].^(Van der Sijs 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 14th century – Middle Dutch ''nodich'' “needy, stingy” is recorded.^(MNW)

+ * 1605 – ''Een noodich quaet'' “a necessary evil”.^(WNT)

+ * 1625 – ''Noodigh'' “necessary”, set against ''nut'' “useful”.^(WNT)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|necessary]], needed, required: ''Voor die reis is een paspoort nodig.''^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)^(WikiWoordenboek)

+ # ''(with the definite article)'' Inevitable, the usual: ''de nodige problemen''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Urgently, badly, in the set phrase ''nodig moeten'', to need the toilet urgently.^(Van Dale 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[benodigd]]

+ * [[broodnodig]]

+ * [[onnodig]]

+ * [[noodzakelijk]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nood]]

+ * [[node]]

+ * [[nodigen]]

+ * [[en|need]]

+ * [[de|nötig]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}