synagogue English · revision 371

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈsɪnəɡɒɡ/ ''(UK)''; /ˈsɪnəˌɡɑɡ/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|sinagoge]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Hoad 1986) [[bor|fro|sinagoge]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) [[der|la-lat|synagōga|t=congregation of Jews]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) [[der|grc|συναγωγή|tr=sunagōgḗ|t=meeting, assembly; synagogue]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) from ''sunágein'' “to bring together”, [[af|grc|σύν|ἄγω|tr1=sún|tr2=ágō|t1=together|t2=to lead, bring]].^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Cresswell 2021) In the Greek Old Testament it was used as a loan translation of late Hebrew ''kəneset'' “assembly”, as in ''bēt kəneset'', “house of assembly”, a synagogue (compare [[Knesset]]).^(Etymonline)^(Hendrickson 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The regular assembly of Jews for religious instruction and worship, and the building where they met (c. 1175).^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Both the congregation and the building are recorded from the late 12th century.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline) Old French ''sinagoge'' was also used of a mosque or pagan temple,^(Etymonline) and in Middle English the word could mean any place of worship (c. 1400) or simply an assembly, chiefly as a literal biblical translation.^(OED 1989) In hostile controversy it was used in the phrase ''synagogue of Satan'' (1464).^(OED 1989) The ''Great Synagogue'' was a Jewish council said to have been founded by Ezra after the Babylonian exile (1625).^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1175 – ''sinagoge'', a Jewish congregation and its meeting place.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * about 1300 – spelling ''synagogue''.^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * c. 1400 – any place of worship (obsolete).^(OED 1989)

+ * 1625 – ''the Great Synagogue''.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A building or place of worship and religious instruction for a [[Jewish]] congregation, often also a communal centre.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A congregation of Jews gathered for worship or religious study.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The Jewish religion as organized in local congregations; [[Judaism]].^(AHD)^(RHWU)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[synagogical]]

+ * [[synagogal]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Knesset]]

+ * [[agent]]

+ * [[act]]

+ * [[pedagogue]]

+ * [[demagogue]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}