rotundus Latin · revision 3709

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Cato|origins=ine-pro *Hret-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [rɔˈtʊn.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [roˈtun.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rotundus''' (feminine rotunda, neuter rotundum, comparative rotundior, superlative rotundissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably an old verbal adjective in -undus, like [[secundus]], related to [[rota]] “wheel”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives it either from a present *rete/o- “to run, roll”, with its vowel taken from ''rota'', or from a lost o-grade verb *rot- “to roll”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) ''Rota'' is [[inh|itc-pro|*rot-ā-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*Hrot-o/h₂-|t=wheel]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[sga|reithid|t=runs]], [[lt|rãtas|t=wheel]], [[goh|rad|t=wheel]] and [[sa|रथ|tr=rátha|t=chariot]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in Cato (234–149 BC), who uses it of a round channel in an oil press.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant shaped like a wheel, round or circular, as Varro's table that was square and later made round, and also spherical, as Cicero's stars that are globular and round, and his creator who turned the world so that nothing could be rounder.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Of a speaker or style it meant smooth and well-rounded, as Cicero's Theodorus, “not round enough”, and Horace's Greeks given a rounded utterance by the Muse.^(OLD 2012) It was also used of a facile classification.^(OLD 2012) Through Vulgar Latin *retundus it gave Spanish ''redondo'' and English ''round'' about 1300, and English ''rotund'' was borrowed in 1705.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of a round channel.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of a round table.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of spherical stars and of style.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''round'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1705 – English ''rotund'' is borrowed.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Round, circular.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|Spherical]], [[m|en|rotund]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of style)'' Smooth, well-rounded, polished.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of a classification)'' Facile, simplistic.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rotundifolius]]

+ * [[rotunditās]]

+ * [[rotundō]]

+ * [[sēmirotundus]]

+ * [[rotundē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rota]]

+ * [[rotātus]]

+ * [[rotō]]

+ * [[en|round]]

+ * [[en|rotund]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}