salus Latin · revision 3708

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *solh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsa.ɫuːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsaː.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''salūs''' ''f'' (genitive salūtis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*salūts]], related to [[salvus]] “safe, whole”.^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan notes that ''salūs'' presupposes a verb *saluere with a participle *salūtos, from a u-stem *salu-, while ''salvus'' points to *sol(H)u̯o-, and the relation of the two is not fully clear.^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary takes it from [[ine-pro|*solh₂-|t=whole]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Compare [[xfa|salue|t=hail]] and [[osc|salavs|t=safe]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards,^(Köbler 2010) as in a slave's plea “bring my master, who is in love, safety”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler also cites Ennius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant safety and well-being, and health as opposed to illness, as Terence's “so far as it can be done without harm to his health”.^(OLD 2012) It meant one's life when at risk, a citizen's civil rights, and the safety of the state, as Ennius' Fabius, who did not put rumours before the safety of the state.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It meant a means of deliverance, as Terence's “knowing all this is salvation for young men”, and Salus was a goddess of safety and welfare.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was used in greetings, ''salutem dicere'', “to send greetings”, at the head of letters.^(OLD 2012) In Christian Latin it was salvation.^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) English ''salute'' came from its derivative ''salutare''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of safety and in greetings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of the safety of the state.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of health.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''salute'' comes from its derivative ''salutare''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Safety, well-being.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|Health]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # One's life (when at risk).^(OLD 2012)

+ # Civil standing, rights.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The safety (of a state).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A means of deliverance; a refuge.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Salus'': the goddess of safety.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # A greeting, ''salutem dicere'': to send greetings.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Christian Latin)'' [[m|en|Salvation]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[salūtāris]]

+ * [[salūtifer]]

+ * [[salūtiger]]

+ * [[salūtigerulus]]

+ * [[salūber]]

+ * [[salūbritās]]

+ * [[salūbriter]]

+ * [[salūtābundus]]

+ * [[salūtātiō]]

+ * [[salūtātor]]

+ * [[salūtātōrius]]

+ * [[salūtātrīx]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[salvē]]

+ * [[salveō]]

+ * [[salvus]]

+ * [[en|salute]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein contrasts ''salus'', safety of life as opposed to destruction, with ''vita'', life as opposed to death, and with ''sanitas'', health as opposed to illness.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}