saetosus Latin · revision 37043

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la saeta}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sae̯ˈtoː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [seˈtɔː.s̬us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''saetōsus''' (feminine saetōsa, neuter saetōsum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''sētōsus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|saeta|-ōsus|t1=bristle]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) De Vaan traces [[m|la|saeta]] to [[itc-pro|*saitā-]] and [[ine-pro|*séh₂i-to-|t=cord]] or [[m|ine-pro|*sh₂éi-to-]]; most handbooks derive it from the root “to bind”, a link Schrijver finds very doubtful, but de Vaan points to the many derivatives of that root meaning “strap” or “cord”, from which a meaning “hair” could easily arise.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler finds it first in Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who in the ''Eclogues'' speaks of the head of a bristly boar (''saetosi caput apri'').^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it mostly poetic.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace uses it of the bristly limbs of the companions of Ulysses whom Circe turned into swine, and of a shaggy forehead;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Celsus of a hairy chest and Pliny the Elder of a bull's ears.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Propertius has ''saetosa verbera'', whips of hairy hide.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ In British Medieval Latin Aldhelm uses it of the fleeces of wethers, and the ''Liber monstrorum'' of the shaggy heads and bodies of monsters; it was also said figuratively of bristling invective.^(DMLBS) It survives in [[it|setoso]] and [[fr|soyeux]], and English borrowed it as [[m|en|setose]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a bristly boar.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of the limbs of men turned into swine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius uses it of whips of hairy hide.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of a hairy chest.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a bull's ears.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 639–709 AD – Aldhelm uses it of the fleeces of wethers.^(DMLBS)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|bristly]], covered with bristles.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|shaggy]], hairy (of people and parts of the body).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # Made of hairy hide (of whips).^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin, figurative)'' Bristling, cutting (of invective).^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[saetiger]]

+ * [[en|setose]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}