cothon Latin · revision 37036

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=second half of the 1st century BC, Bellum Africum}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōthōn''' ''m'' (genitive cōthōnis); third declension^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ Servius also gives a neuter ''cōthōnum'' (genitive ''cōthōnī'').^(TLL)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The TLL, Lewis & Short and Georges call it a Semitic word,^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) which the Greeks identified with [[m|grc|κώθων|tr=kṓthōn]];^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Köbler marks the Semitic origin with a query.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first examples in the TLL are in the ''Bellum Africum'', of the artificial inner harbour of Hadrumetum, from which ships sailed out and in which a fleet took refuge (''Hadrumetum in cothonem se universae contulerunt'').^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Festus, in Paulus' abridgement, explains it as the name for inner harbours in the sea made by art and by hand.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Servius uses it of the harbour of Carthage, and notes that it is both masculine and neuter.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Orosius writes that Scipio, setting out to destroy Carthage, entered the Cothon.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * second half of the 1st century BC – The ''Bellum Africum'' uses it of the harbour of Hadrumetum.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * second half of the 2nd century AD – Festus defines it as an artificial inner harbour.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 400 AD – Servius uses it of the harbour of Carthage.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 417/418 AD – Orosius names the Cothon of Carthage.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An artificial inner [[m|en|harbour]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(TLL)

+ # ''(as a name)'' The inner harbour of [[m|en|Carthage]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Cōthōn'' was also the name of several islands, mentioned by Pliny the Elder and Pomponius Mela.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}