gausapa Latin · revision 37010

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 180–102 BC, Lucilius|origins=grc γαυσάπης}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''gausapa''' ''f'' (genitive gausapae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The word has several forms: neuter ''gausape'' (genitive ''gausapis'') and ''gausapum'', masculine ''gausapēs'', and feminine ''gausapa''; the OLD enters it under ''gausape''.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ The grammarians Charisius and Priscian discuss the forms, and Varro, as Charisius reports, set the Latin feminine ''gausapa'' beside the Greek masculine.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|γαυσάπης|tr=gausápēs|t=frieze, shaggy cloth]], according to Wiktionary, Köbler, Saalfeld and Lewis & Short;^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler, citing Frisk, adds that the Greek word came from an Indo-European language of the Balkans.^(Köbler 2010) The OLD calls the origin doubtful,^(OLD 2012) and the TLL calls it a foreign word, perhaps oriental or from Patavium (Padua), noting that Varro took it to be Greek.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The earliest example is in Lucilius, of a purple cloth used to wipe the tables (''purpureō tersit tunc lātās gausape mēnsās'').^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It named a thick woollen cloth with a shaggy nap on one side,^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) used for tablecloths, wiping cloths and coverings, and a garment made of it.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Horace, like Lucilius, has a purple ''gausape'' wiping a table;^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) Ovid uses the plural for clothes of frieze,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) and Petronius has ''involūtus coccinā gausapā'', “wrapped in scarlet frieze”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Pliny the Elder says that ''gausapa'' came into use in his father's time.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Persius jokingly calls a perfumed beard a ''gausape''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ In medieval Latin it meant a tablecloth and an altar cloth;^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) British sources also use it of a napkin and perhaps a towel.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of a cloth for wiping tables.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace has a purple ''gausape'' wiping the table.^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses the plural of frieze clothes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 34–62 AD – Persius uses it of a shaggy beard.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius has someone wrapped in scarlet ''gausapa''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1250 – An English account lists a very old ''gausape'' among household goods.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|frieze|alt=Frieze]], a thick woollen cloth with a shaggy nap on one side; a piece of it used as a tablecloth or wiping cloth.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+ # A [[m|en|cloak]] or garment of frieze.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A shaggy [[m|en|beard]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|tablecloth]]; an altar cloth; a [[m|en|napkin]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[gausapātus]]

+ * [[gausapinus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}