acclivis Latin · revision 37009

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 180–102 BC, Lucilius|origins=la clīvus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [akˈkliː.wɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [akˈkliː.vis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''acclīvis''' (neuter acclīve); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ A second-declension form ''acclīvus'', ''-a'', ''-um'' (also ''adclīvus'') is much rarer;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid has it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|clīvus|-is|t2=slope]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces [[m|la|clīvus]] to [[itc-pro|*kle/oiwo-]] and to [[ine-pro|*ḱloi-uo-|t=slope, hill]] or [[m|ine-pro|*ḱlei-u̯o-|t=sloping]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Lucilius, of a racecourse.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means sloping upwards:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero writes to his brother that a stretch of road is very steep (''valdē acclīvis''),^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Caesar describes an approach rising gently (''leniter acclīvis'').^(Lewis & Short 1879) Manilius uses the neuter plural ''acclīvia'' as a noun for upward slopes.^(OLD 2012) Ecclesiastical Latin keeps the sense “inclined upward, steep”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of a racecourse.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero calls a part of a road very steep.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar has ''leniter acclīvis'', gently rising.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses the form ''acclīvus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Manilius uses ''acclīvia'' for upward slopes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Sloping upwards, rising, [[m|en|uphill]]; [[m|en|steep]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(neuter plural, acclīvia)'' Upward [[m|en|slope|alt=slopes]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[declivis|alt=dēclīvis]]

+ * [[proclivis|alt=prōclīvis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}