areola Latin · revision 36984

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1st century AD, Columella|origins=la ārea}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [aːˈre.ɔ.ɫa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [aˈrɛː.o.la]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''āreola''' ''f'' (genitive āreolae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The spelling ''ariola'' is frequent in inscriptions.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ārea|-ola|t1=open space]], a diminutive.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in the 1st century AD, in Columella's work on farming, for a small bed in a garden.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Pliny the Younger uses it of a small open space in a house: a little courtyard shaded by four plane trees (''areolam, quae quattuor platanis inumbratur'').^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Georges 1913) The Vulgate has ''areolae aromatum'', “beds of spices”, in the Song of Songs.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it kept the sense “garden bed”, also figuratively,^(DMLBS) and named small squares marked out on a surface: a pontifical describes squares of ash on the floor of a church being dedicated, with a letter of the alphabet written in each.^(Du Cange 1883) The Swiss anatomist Caspar Bauhin applied it in 1605 to the coloured ring around the nipple, the sense in which English took it over.^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''aiuola'', “flower bed”.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of a garden bed.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 61/62–before 117 AD – Pliny the Younger uses it of a small courtyard.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate has it for beds of spices.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 802 – Alcuin uses it figuratively of the flowering beds of good will.^(DMLBS)

+ * 1605 – Caspar Bauhin uses it for the ring around the nipple.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1706 – Recorded in English in this sense.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A small open space, a little [[m|en|courtyard]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A [[m|en|garden]] bed, [[m|en|seedbed]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A small square marked out on a surface.^(Du Cange 1883)

+ # ''(New Latin, anatomy)'' The coloured ring around the [[m|en|nipple]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ārea]]

+ * [[en|areola]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}