inardesco Latin · revision 36960

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=65–8 BC, Horace|origins=ine-pro *h₂eh₁s-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪ.naːrˈdeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [i.narˈdɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''inārdēscō''' (present infinitive inārdēscere, perfect active inārsī); third conjugation, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|ārdēscō|t2=to catch fire]], an inchoative verb.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) According to de Vaan the verb of burning, [[m|la|ārdeō]], is derived from [[m|la|āridus|t=dry]], which belongs to [[m|la|āreō|t=to be dry]]; he traces that verb to [[itc-pro|*ās-ē-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂eh₁s-eh₁-|t=to be dry]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it from Virgil and Curtius on,^(TLL) and the OLD quotes Horace's ''Epodes'': no gift ever burned more fiercely on the shoulders of Hercules, the gift being Nessus' shirt.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis and Short call it poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It means to catch fire or burn,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and to glow: Virgil has a dark cloud that glows in the rays of the sun, and Pliny the Elder shrubs that glow in the fire like iron.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca uses it of cheeks that flush.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Of people and their passions it means to be roused or inflamed: in Ovid a gentle love blazes up at the sight of a young man, Quintilian says that every feeling flags unless voice and face kindle it, and Tacitus speaks of burning with desire for revenge.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Christian writers such as Ambrose use it of the flame of lust.^(TLL) It survives in Spanish [[m|es|enardecer]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of a gift burning on the shoulders of Hercules.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a cloud glowing in the sun.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of love kindling at a sight.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Curtius uses it of dry timber catching fire.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of desire for revenge.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 340–397 AD – Ambrose speaks of the flame of lust burning.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To catch fire, [[m|en|kindle]], burn.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|glow]], become [[m|en|incandescent]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of people or passions: to be roused, burn, be [[m|en|inflame|alt=inflamed]].^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[es|enardecer]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}