irroro Latin · revision 36957

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=ine-pro *h₁rōs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪrˈroː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [irˈrɔː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''irrōrō''' (present infinitive irrōrāre, perfect active irrōrāvī, supine irrōrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inrōrō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|rōrō|t2=to drip, shed dew]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan lists the simple verb as a derivative of [[m|la|rōs|t=dew]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*rōs]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁rōs|t=dew, juice]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ The noun is cognate with [[sa|रस|tr=rása-|t=juice, liquid]] and [[lt|rasà|t=dew]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it from Virgil, Ovid, Celsus and Columella on.^(TLL) In the ''Georgics'' Virgil speaks of the morning star bedewing the earth with the new sun.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to wet with dew: Columella says a vessel must be covered at night so that the dew does not fall on it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) More generally it is to moisten or sprinkle: in Ovid hair is sprinkled three times with river water, and liquid is poured on clothes and head.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Intransitively it means to fall like dew or rain, as when Virgil says that Aquarius brings rain at the end of the year.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Persius uses it of sprinkling pepper on a dish, and Silius of sleep shed on the eyes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ The TLL notes that it is more frequent in Church writers,^(TLL) who use it figuratively: in Rufinus' translation of Origen the people are bedewed by the writings of the prophets, and Augustine speaks of being sprinkled with God's love.^(TLL) English took it over as [[m|en|irrorate]] and Italian as [[m|it|irrorare]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of the morning star bedewing the earth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of sprinkling hair with water.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of dew falling on vessels and flowers.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 34–62 AD – Persius uses it of sprinkling pepper.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses it figuratively of God's love.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To moisten with [[m|en|dew]], [[m|en|bedew]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To moisten, [[m|en|sprinkle]], wet.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To pour or sprinkle (a liquid) on something.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To fall like dew, to rain.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # Of things not fluid: to sprinkle, shed (on).^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[irrōrātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|irrorate]]

+ * [[it|irrorare]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}