mendose Latin · revision 36936

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la mendum}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mendōsē''' (superlative mendōsissimē); adverb^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|mendōsus|-ē|t1=full of faults]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) The adjective is formed from [[m|la|mendum|t=fault, blemish]],^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)^(Köbler 2010) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*m(e)ndo-]] and compares with [[sga|mennar|t=blemish]]; he regards a further link with the root of “to think” as only a theoretical possibility.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010)^(Georges 1913) who complains to his brother that Latin books are copied and sold full of mistakes, ''ita mendōsē et scrībuntur et vēneunt''.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis 1890)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it meant faultily, with many errors, especially of writing and copying;^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016) Cicero has the superlative of a treatise written very badly.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016) More broadly it meant wrongly or mistakenly: Lucretius uses it of giving false explanations, and Persius of drawing a false conclusion.^(Conte 2010)^(Jeanneau 2017)

+

+ In medieval Latin it also meant deceitfully or falsely: Uguccio glosses it with ''mendāciter'' “lyingly”,^(NGML)^(Lexicon Bohemorum) and the glossary of Osbern of Gloucester also explains it as filthily.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of giving false explanations.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero complains of books copied with many mistakes.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 34–62 AD – Persius uses it of drawing a wrong conclusion.^(Jeanneau 2017)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1204 – Peter of Blois complains of quires written badly and full of errors.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|faultily|alt=Faultily]], with many [[m|en|error|alt=errors]] (especially of writing or copying).^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+ # [[m|en|wrongly|alt=Wrongly]], [[m|en|erroneously]].^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Deceitfully, falsely.^(NGML)^(Lexicon Bohemorum)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[mendōsus]]

+ * [[mendāx]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}