munde Latin · revision 36890

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la mundus}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mundē''' (superlative mundissimē)^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|mundus#1|-ē|t1=clean, neat]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) De Vaan considers deriving the adjective from [[ine-pro|*meud-|t=to rejoice]] through [[m|itc-pro|*mudno-]], although he finds the semantics not compelling.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Plautus, in the sense “neatly, cleanly”.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it meant in a clean or orderly way, neatly.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) The superlative ''mundissimē'', “as cleanly as possible”, is found in Cato's and Columella's instructions on farming,^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) and Lucretius uses the positive of a body neatly cared for.^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) Seneca pairs ''parum mundē'' with ''parum decenter'', “in a manner hardly clean or seemly”.^(Conte 2010) It was also used of style, meaning with elegance of expression;^(OLD 2012) in Gellius it is paired with [[graphice|alt=graphicē]], “vividly”.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ British medieval Latin kept the sense “cleanly, neatly”, also figuratively: a verse speaks of living purely, ''vīvere mundē'', and a custumal of about 1230 requires the grain to be gathered in cleanly.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it in the sense “neatly”.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses the superlative ''mundissimē'' in his work on farming.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of a body neatly cared for.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca pairs it with ''decenter'', “becomingly”.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1230 – A custumal requires grain to be gathered in cleanly.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # In a [[m|en|clean]] or orderly manner, [[m|en|neatly]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(DMLBS)

+ # ''(of style)'' With [[m|en|elegance]] of expression.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Purely, chastely.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}