dry English · revision 3686

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 888|origins=gem-pro *draugiz}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /draɪ/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|drie]],^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) [[inh|ang|drȳġe]],^(Hoad 1986)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[gem-pro|*draugiz]],^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) which is also the source of Middle Low German dröge, Middle Dutch drōge (Dutch droog), Old High German trucchan (German trocken) and probably Old Norse draugr “dry wood”,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) from a Germanic root *dreug- “dry”.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) Barnhart traces it to [[ine-pro|*dhreugh-]].^(Barnhart 1988) It is related to [[drought]] and [[drug]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) The verb is [[inh|ang|drȳgan]], from the adjective.^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Before 900 in King Alfred's translation of Boethius;^(Barnhart 1988) in the OED, of the dry quality of the elements in medieval physiology, about 888,^(OED 1989) and “free from moisture” about 1000.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of a season or climate, free from rain, is from 1297,^(OED 1989) and “barren” from the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline) Of persons, showing no emotion, is from about 1200,^(Etymonline) and of humour, said without show of pleasantry, from the early 15th century.^(Etymonline) “Uninteresting, tedious” is from the 1620s.^(Etymonline) Of wine or spirits, free from sweetness, is from 1700.^(Etymonline) Of places that ban alcohol it is from 1870, though a dry feast, one without liquor, is from the late 15th century,^(Etymonline) and a ''dry'' as a prohibitionist is American political slang by 1888.^(Etymonline) ''Dry goods'' (1650s) were sold by dry rather than liquid measure.^(Etymonline) ''Dry up'', “stop talking”, is from 1853, and ''dry out'' of an addict from 1967.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 888 – a quality of the elements.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1000 – free from moisture.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1130 – in the place name Driebi.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1200 – showing no emotion.^(Etymonline)

+ * early 15th century – of humour.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1620s – tedious.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1700 – of wine, not sweet.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1870 – banning alcohol.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1967 – ''dry out''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Free from liquid or moisture.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # Having little or no rain: ''a dry climate''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # [[thirst|alt=Thirsty]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # Of wine, not sweet.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # Banning the sale of [[alcohol]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # Dull and uninteresting.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # Of humour, shrewd and [[ironic]], said with a straight face.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To remove moisture from; to make or become dry.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To [[preserve]] food by removing its moisture.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dryly]]

+ * [[dryness]]

+ * [[dryish]]

+ * [[dryable]]

+ * [[drier]]

+ * [[dryer]]

+ * [[freeze-drying]]

+ * [[nondrying]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[drought]]

+ * [[drug]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}