lucror Latin · revision 36855

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *lh₂u-tló-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɫʊ.krɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈluː.kror]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lucror''' (present infinitive lucrārī, perfect active lucrātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|la|lucrum|t=gain, profit]], a denominative verb.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|lucrum]] to [[itc-pro|*luklo-]], dissimilated to ⟨lukro-⟩, and [[ine-pro|*lh₂u-tló-|t=seizure, gain]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|ἀπολαύω|tr=apolaúō|t=to enjoy]] and [[got|𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌽|tr=laun|t=reward]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it from Cicero, Horace, Livy and Manilius on, and more often in legal language.^(TLL) In the Verrines Cicero speaks of discharging sailors for a fixed price and pocketing all their pay.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its main sense is to gain as profit,^(OLD 2012) as in Horace's Pythias, who tricks Simo out of a talent, and in the gamblers of Tacitus' ''Germania'', who stake everything on winning or losing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also used of things not material: Horace speaks of one who came back with a name won from conquered Africa.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Elder uses it of saving on salt, and Apuleius of saving money.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Cicero has it in the sense of being spared something: “let him be spared the evidence of his old infamy”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is common in legal texts.^(TLL)

+

+ In Christian Latin it means to win someone over: in the Vulgate's First Corinthians the writer became a Jew to the Jews “that I might gain the Jews”,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) and Augustine uses it of a heretic won for the Catholic Church.^(TLL) Stelten gives “convert, persuade” among its Church senses.^(Stelten 1995) It lives on in [[ro|lucra|t=to work]] and in [[es|lograr|t=to obtain]] and [[pt|lograr]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of pocketing the sailors' pay.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of winning a name from Africa.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of saving salt.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of winning people over.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses it of winning a heretic for the Church.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To acquire as [[m|en|profit]], gain, win; to make a profit.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To win (something immaterial, such as a name).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To gain by [[m|en|economy]], [[m|en|save]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To be spared (punishment or the like).^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To win over, [[m|en|convert]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[lucrātiō]]

+ * [[lucrātīvus]]

+ * [[lucrātor]]

+ * [[superlucror]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lucricupīdō]]

+ * [[lucrifaciō]]

+ * [[lucrificābilis]]

+ * [[lucrificō]]

+ * [[lucrifuga]]

+ * [[lucriō]]

+ * [[lucripeta]]

+ * [[lucrius]]

+ * [[lucrōsē]]

+ * [[lucrōsus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}