involo Latin · revision 36829

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la volō#2}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɪn.wɔ.ɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈiɱ.vo.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''involō''' (present infinitive involāre, perfect active involāvī, supine involātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|volō#2|t1=in, into|t2=to fly]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan derives [[m|la|volō#2]] from [[itc-pro|*gʷela-je/o-]] and finds it conceivable that this goes back to [[ine-pro|*gʷelh₁-|t=to raise the arm, throw]], since raising the arm could have come to mean flying when said of birds, though Walde and Hofmann rejected the link.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ The grammarian Nonius derived it either from the flight of birds or from [[m|la|vola|t=hollow of the hand]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus is the first author: in the ''Amphitruo'' horsemen charge in with loud shouting.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense was to fly into or at a place: Varro has doves flying into a farmhouse, and Columella insects that fly at us and birds flying onto their nests.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) Far more often it meant to rush at or upon, to attack:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Terence has a character who can hardly keep from flying at someone's hair, the Bellum Alexandrinum an attacker rushing at Longinus, and Tacitus a sudden assault on a camp.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) Tacitus also uses it of a desire that seizes the mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ From this came the sense of swooping on something in order to take it: Cicero says that men had seized on the possession of wisdom and learning as if it lay vacant,^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) and Catullus and Petronius use it of making off with a cloak and a ring.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of horsemen charging.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of flying at someone's hair.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of doves flying into a farmhouse.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of seizing on a possession.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of carrying off a cloak.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of attacking a camp and of desire seizing the mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|fly]] into or at.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To rush in or upon, [[m|en|attack]];^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) (of feelings) to [[m|en|seize]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To swoop on in order to take, seize on, carry off.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[volō#2]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The OLD also lists the variant ''induvolō''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}