convena Latin · revision 36784

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la veniō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkɔn.wɛ.na]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkɔɱ.ve.na]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''convena''' ''m'' (genitive convenae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is an adjective of either gender, and in the plural ''convenae'' it is used as a noun.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|conveniō|-a|t1=to come together]],^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) and the TLL compares [[m|la|advena|t=newcomer]].^(TLL) [[m|la|veniō|alt=Veniō]] “to come” goes back to [[itc-pro|*gʷn-je/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*gʷm-ie/o-|t=to come]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Plautus,^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) in the ''Miles Gloriosus'', where a character undertakes to bring two lovers together (''quī amantīs ūnā inter sē facerem convenās'').^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As a plural noun it meant people who had gathered from elsewhere, strangers and refugees.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Cato writes that many such newcomers came there from the countryside,^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero that Romulus gathered shepherds and ''convenae'' and that Dionysius entrusted his bodyguard to such people and to savage barbarians,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) and Livy speaks of a plebs of shepherds and ''convenae'' who had deserted their own peoples.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913) In later writers such as Solinus and Ammianus the adjective is used of rivers that flow together and of a crowd gathered from all sides.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Georges 1913) Servius distinguishes the ''indigenae'', born in a place, the ''advenae'', who come from one other place, and the ''convenae'', who come from several.^(TLL)

+

+ As a proper name, ''Convenae'' was a community gathered by Pompey at the foot of the Pyrenees.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In medieval Britain the word was used of incomers, and once of a brood of chickens.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it as an adjective, “meeting”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses the plural noun of newcomers from the countryside.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the people Romulus gathered.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy speaks of a plebs of shepherds and ''convenae''.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 390 AD – Ammianus uses it of rivers flowing together.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 400 AD – Servius distinguishes it from ''advena'' and ''indigena''.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Coming together, meeting; of rivers, flowing together.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(TLL)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(plural)'' People gathered from different places; [[m|en|stranger|alt=strangers]], [[m|en|refugee|alt=refugees]], immigrants.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Incomers; a brood of [[m|en|poultry]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[advena]]

+ * [[conveniō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}