praefurnium Latin · revision 36760

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la furnus}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praefurnium''' ''n'' (genitive praefurniī or praefurnī); second declension^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prae-|furnus|-ium|t1=in front|t2=oven]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|fornus]], which he takes to be the original form, with ⟨furn-⟩ spreading in part of Roman speech; he traces it to [[itc-pro|*χworno-]] and [[ine-pro|*gʷʰr-no-|t=heat; oven]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognates include [[sga|gorn|t=fire]] and [[sa|घृण|tr=ghr̥ṇá-|t=heat, glow]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It first appears in Cato's ''De agri cultura'', in the instructions for a lime kiln: ''si uno praefurnio coques'' (“if you burn with one stoke-hole”).^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) He also warns that the wind must not reach the furnace mouth.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Vitruvius uses it for the furnace room that heats a bath, called [[grc|προπνιγεῖον|tr=propnigeîon]],^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(TLL) and for the mouth of a small furnace for making lampblack, which is closed so that the flame does not escape.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of the stoke-hole of a lime kiln.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of the furnace of a bath.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The mouth or stoke-hole of a [[m|en|furnace]] or [[m|en|kiln]], through which fuel is fed.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The heating room of a [[m|en|bath]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[furnus]]

+ * [[fornāx]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}