vietus Latin · revision 36743

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=la vieō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''viētus''' (feminine viēta, neuter viētum); first/second-declension adjective^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ Horace scans it as two syllables.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|la|vieō|t=to plait, weave]]: the OLD and Georges take it as the participle of that verb,^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) while Gaffiot and Köbler refer it to [[m|la|viēscō|t=to shrivel]].^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan calls the connection with the verb disputed; if it is a secondary participle, meaning first “plaited, woven” and then “wrinkled”, the inchoative would have been formed with its meaning.^(de Vaan 2008) He traces the verb to [[itc-pro|*wijeje/o-|t=to plait]] and [[ine-pro|*u̯h₁i-éie-|t=to plait]], cognate with [[lt|výti|t=to twist, wind]] and [[grc|ἴτυς|tr=ítus|t=felloe, rim of a shield]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Terence,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) in the ''Eunuchus'': ''hic est vietus vetus veternosus senex'' (“this is a shrivelled, old, sluggish old man”).^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Cicero, in the ''Cato Maior'', compares the end of life to fruit on trees that is overripe and ready to fall (''quasi vietum et caducum'').^(Conte 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lucretius uses it of clothing, Columella of figs and Prudentius of the chest;^(Georges 1913) Varro has it too.^(Conte 2010) The glossaries explain it as an old man with a withered body and give as its equivalent [[grc|τετηκώς|tr=tetēkṓs|t=wasted away]].^(CGL)

+

+ In British Medieval Latin it occurs in glosses, in the sense “shrivelled”,^(DMLBS) and the humanist Conrad Celtis still used it.^(Ramminger) Conte compares [[it|vizzo]] “withered”.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of a shrivelled old man.^(Köbler 2010)^(Conte 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it in his work on farming.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero compares old age to overripe fruit.^(Conte 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace scans it as two syllables in the ''Epodes''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of figs.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|shrivelled|alt=Shrivelled]], [[m|en|wrinkled]], withered.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(of fruit)'' [[m|en|overripe|alt=Overripe]].^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[viēscō]]

+ * [[it|vizzo]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}