nigresco Latin · revision 36709

21 Oct 2026, 00:28 by bogdan “Latin la10k batch la75zzx (75 entries)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la niger}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * Classical: [nɪˈɡreːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * Ecclesiastical: [niˈɡrɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''nigrēscō''' (present infinitive nigrēscere, perfect active nigruī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|niger|-ēscō|t1=black]], an inchoative verb meaning “to become black”.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Wiktionary analyses it as [[m|la|nigreō|t=to be black]] with the suffix [[m|la|-scō]].^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Its earliest uses in the OLD are in Virgil, who writes of sacred water turning black (''vīdit laticēs nigrēscere sacrōs'') and of darkness falling on everything around a dying speaker.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Classical Latin it means turning dark in colour: Ovid has veins dark with blood and arms growing black with feathers, Celsus feet and nails that blacken in serious illness, and Columella and Pliny the Elder olives and berries that darken as they ripen.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) It was also said of things stained or dirtied, such as teeth in Pliny and crystal cups darkened by old Falernian wine in Martial.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) A second sense is growing dark from loss of light: Ovid writes of the sky darkening with the south winds.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Late Latin, the Vulgate says that the day will grow dark,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Prudentius uses it figuratively of hope and honour darkened by envy.^(Georges 1913)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of water turning black and of falling darkness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of veins and of the sky.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of limbs in illness.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of ripening olives.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate says the day will grow dark.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To become dark in colour, [[m|en|blacken]], grow black.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)
+ # To be darkened by dirt or [[m|en|stain|alt=staining]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To grow dark from loss of light.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[niger]]
+ * [[nigreō]]
+ * [[nigrō]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}