sublica Latin · revision 36658

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsʊb.lɪ.ka]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsub.li.ka]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sublica''' ''f'' (genitive sublicae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Sallust has a third-declension plural ''sublicibus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain: the OLD marks it as doubtful^(OLD 2012) and Wiktionary as unknown.^(Wiktionary) Georges and Köbler explain it from [[m|la|sub|t=under]] and the root of [[m|la|liquor#1|t=to be liquid, flow]], as a stake standing under water.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan lists it under [[m|la|laciō|t=to draw, pull]], beside technical words for gutters, beams and furrows that are usually derived from [[m|la|liqueō|t=to be liquid]] but that he would rather derive from that verb.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Naevius,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) and it means a wooden stake or pile.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a stake driven into the ground, normally to carry a bridge or another heavy structure.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Caesar uses it of bridge piles,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) and both Caesar and Livy of stakes set up as a palisade;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Vitruvius uses it in building.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) From it came the adjective [[sublicius]] “resting on piles”, used above all of bridges.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ In later Latin it kept the sense of a pile or a pier: Thomas More contrasts a bridge of stone with one of wooden piles and stakes.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust has the plural ''sublicibus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of bridge piles.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of the piles of a bridge and of a palisade.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it in building.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A wooden [[m|en|stake]] or [[m|en|pile]] driven into the ground, especially as a support for a [[m|en|bridge]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A stake in a [[m|en|palisade]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sublicius]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}