lucesco Latin · revision 36651

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la lūceō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɫuːˈkeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [luˈt͡ʃɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lūcēscō''' (present infinitive lūcēscere, perfect active lūxī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''lūcīscō'',^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) the spelling of many manuscripts, even old ones of Terence and Fronto; a scholiast on Terence remarks on the ⟨i⟩.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|lūceō|-scō|t1=to shine]], an inchoative verb.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|lūx|t=light]]; the base goes back to [[itc-pro|*l(o)ukē-|t=to be light]] and [[ine-pro|*luk-eh₁-|t=to be light]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL) used impersonally of daybreak: ''exīre ex urbe prius quam lūcēscat volō'', “I want to leave the city before it grows light”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its basic sense was to begin to shine: Virgil uses it of a new sun, and Ovid of the Nones dawning on the morrow.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(OLD 2012) Most often it was used impersonally of the day breaking: Terence has ''lūcēscit hoc iam'', “it is getting light there now”, Cicero ''cum lūcīsceret'', “at daybreak”, and Livy ''iam lūcēscēbat'', “it was already growing light”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(OLD 2012) The TLL notes that Cicero and Livy use it far less often than [[illucesco|alt=illūcēscō]].^(TLL)

+

+ Fronto uses it figuratively of a love that is beginning to shine,^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) and Firmicus Maternus of hair that gleams golden.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it impersonally of daybreak.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses ''lūcēscit hoc iam''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of the sun beginning to shine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of a day dawning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 100–170 AD – Fronto uses it figuratively of love.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To begin to [[m|en|shine]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(of the day)'' To grow light, [[m|en|dawn]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) ''(impersonal)'' ''lūcēscit'', it is growing light, day is breaking.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To begin to shine (of a feeling).^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[collucesco]]

+ * [[dīlūcēscō]]

+ * [[ēlūcēscō]]

+ * [[illūcēscō]]

+ * [[relūcescō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lūx]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Conte warns against confusing its forms with those of [[luceo|alt=lūceō]] “shine” and [[lugeo|alt=lūgeō]] “mourn”.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}