proterreo Latin · revision 36628

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *tros-eie-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [proːˈtɛr.re.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [proˈtɛr.re.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōterreō''' (present infinitive prōterrēre, perfect active prōterruī, supine prōterritum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prō-|terreō|t2=to frighten]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|terreō]] to [[ine-pro|*tros-eie-|t=to make scared]], which developed regularly into Latin ⟨*terseje-⟩ and Sabellic ⟨*tors-eje-⟩.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|tursitu|t=to scare]], [[sa|त्रसन्ति|tr=trásanti|t=they tremble]], [[grc|τρέω|tr=tréō|t=to be scared, tremble]] and [[lt|trišė́ti|t=to tremble, shiver]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL records it from Plautus, Terence and Cicero on.^(TLL) Plautus' ''Trinummus'' has ''mea operā hinc prōterritum tē'', “you, frightened away from here by my doing”.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to drive away by fear: Terence has ''fīlium prōterruistī hinc'', “you have frightened your son away from here”,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) and Cicero writes of Themistocles driven from his country and frightened off.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Cicero's speech for Caecina it describes a man driven from his house by force of arms,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Caesar uses it of enemies frightened and put to flight.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Virgil has ''adversō equō'', of scaring someone off with a horse driven at him,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Apuleius uses it of driving off wild beasts with burning torches.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ The TLL notes that manuscripts often confuse it with ''perterreō'' and ''prōterō''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a man frightened away.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of a son frightened away.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of Themistocles driven from his country.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of enemies put to flight.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of wild beasts driven off with torches.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|frighten]] off or away, drive away by [[m|en|terror]]; to put to flight.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}