recrudesco Latin · revision 36620

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la crūdus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛ.kruːˈdeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [re.kruˈdɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''recrūdēscō''' (present infinitive recrūdēscere, perfect active recrūduī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|crūdēscō|t2=to become raw]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) That verb is formed on [[m|la|crūdus|t=raw]], which de Vaan reconstructs, with a question mark, as [[itc-pro|*krowoþo-]] from [[ine-pro|*kreuh₂-odʰ-o-|t=raw]], comparing [[m|la|cruor|t=blood]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first author is Cicero, in a letter written after the death of his daughter: by so grave a wound even the wounds that seemed healed break open again, ''recrūdēscunt''.^(TLL)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Literally it is used of wounds that become raw again;^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Curtius has a festering pain that flares up.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Figuratively it meant to break out again: Livy uses it of the sedition of Manlius and of a battle that flared up for a while, and Seneca of ambition that revives in retirement and of a crime that clings and breaks out again.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) In Christian Latin Cyprian writes of discord growing worse and Jerome of sin breaking out again.^(Georges 1913) Manuscripts of Cyprian confuse it with [[crūdēscō|alt=crūdēscere]], and medieval manuscripts spell it with ⟨-disc-⟩.^(TLL)

+

+ Conte derives [[it|recrudescenza]] from [[fr|recrudescence]], formed on this verb.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of wounds that break open again.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of a sedition and a battle breaking out again.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Curtius uses it of a festering pain.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of ambition reviving.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * beginning of 3rd century–258 AD – Cyprian uses it of discord growing worse.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 383–419/420 AD – Jerome uses it of sin breaking out again.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(of wounds)'' To become raw again, [[m|en|reopen]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To break out again, [[m|en|recrudesce]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[recrūdēscentia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[crūdus]]

+ * [[en|recrudescence]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}