evulgo Latin · revision 36617

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=59 BC–17 AD, Livy|origins=la vulgus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [eːˈwʊɫ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eˈvul.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ēvulgō''' (present infinitive ēvulgāre, perfect active ēvulgāvī, supine ēvulgātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''ēvolgō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|vulgō#2|t2=to make public]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) That verb is formed on [[m|la|vulgus|t=the common people]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*wolgo-]] or [[itc-pro|*welgos-]], with no further etymology.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis and Short find it only from the Augustan age on, and rarely.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Its first author is Livy, who tells how Flavius made public the civil law kept hidden in the inner rooms of the pontiffs and posted the calendar on a white board around the Forum.^(TLL)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to bring something out among the people, to make it known: Livy also has it with an accusative and infinitive, of people spreading the news that prisoners had been discussed.^(TLL)^(Conte 2010) Tacitus uses it of a secret of empire that was out, that an emperor could be made elsewhere than at Rome, of the wrongs done to Octavia, and of a proclamation he had worded in a certain way.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In Tacitus' ''evulgātus pudor'' it means to expose one's sense of shame to the public, to prostitute it.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010) Church Latin kept the sense “to make known, publish”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ Wiktionary lists the English words [[m|en|evulgate]] and [[m|en|evulge]] and [[fr|évulguer]] among its descendants.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of Flavius making the civil law public.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a secret of empire becoming known.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make public, [[m|en|divulge]], [[m|en|publish]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To expose to the public, [[m|en|prostitute]] (one's sense of shame).^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vulgus]]

+ * [[dīvulgō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}