lunatus Latin · revision 36608

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=2nd half of the 1st century BC, Bellum Africum|origins=ine-pro *le/ouk-s-nh₂-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lūnātus''' (feminine lūnāta, neuter lūnātum); first/second-declension adjective^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The OLD takes it as [[af|la|lūna|-ātus|t1=moon]],^(OLD 2012) while Lewis & Short and Georges treat it as the participle of [[m|la|lūnō|t=to bend into a crescent]], itself made from that noun.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) De Vaan traces [[m|la|lūna]] to [[itc-pro|*louksnā-]] and [[ine-pro|*le/ouk-s-nh₂-|t=shiny, bright]], probably an old epithet of the moon.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|λύχνος|tr=lúkhnos|t=lamp]] and [[prg|lauxnos|t=stars]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is the ''Bellum Africum''.^(Köbler 2010) Virgil uses it of the crescent-shaped shields of the Amazons.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It describes anything crescent-shaped: Statius has a young bull with a crescent brow,^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Elder horns and shells,^(Lewis & Short 1879) Columella an iron tool, Celsus a figure, and Lucan a curved sword.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In surveyors' geometry it was used of angles whose sides are arcs.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It also meant bearing a crescent: Martial uses it of the shoe with a crescent-shaped buckle that marked a senator,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Statius of a troop with crescent shields.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In the Middle Ages it was glossed in Old High German.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 2nd half of the 1st century BC – The ''Bellum Africum'' uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of the Amazons' shields.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of horns and shells.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it of a senator's shoe.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|crescent|alt=Crescent]]-shaped, [[m|en|lunate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(geometry)'' Of angles whose sides are arcs of circles.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of shoes, having a crescent-shaped [[m|en|buckle]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # Having crescent-shaped shields.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}