adaperio Latin · revision 36590

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=la aperiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [a.daˈpɛ.ri.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [a.daˈpɛː.ri.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adaperiō''' (present infinitive adaperīre, perfect active adaperuī, supine adapertum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|aperiō|t2=to open, uncover]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Lewis and Short take the prefix as intensive.^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan traces the simple verb to [[itc-pro|*ap-wer-je-|t=to open]], from [[ine-pro|*h₂(e)p|t=off]] and [[m|ine-pro|*h₂u̯er-i(e/o)-|t=to cover]]; its opposite is [[operiō]] “to cover”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest example is in Varro, who lists among the signs of fever in animals an open mouth with moist breath (''adapertum ōs'').^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to open wide, as a door, gate or mouth, and Lewis and Short note that Cicero does not use it.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy has attackers fall on gates thrown open and a tunnel opened up;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca opens a book;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Curtius speaks of a king's ears opened to the slanders of the envious.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In medical writing it was used of loosening the bowels and of opening a vein,^(OLD 2012) and it could mean to uncover or bare, as the head, or to reveal to view and to knowledge.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of the open mouth of a feverish animal.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of gates and of a mine broken open.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it in medical senses.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of opening a book.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius uses it of the truth being revealed.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To open wide, throw open (a [[m|en|door]], the mouth); to unroll a book.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To open (the ears) to information.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To break open;^(OLD 2012) ''(medicine)'' to loosen (the bowels).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make by opening, open up (a vein).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|uncover]], bare, [[m|en|expose]] to view; to reveal.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adapertilis]]

+ * [[adapertiō]]

+ * [[sēmiadapertus]]

+ * [[adapertus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aperiō]]

+ * [[exaperiō]]

+ * [[operiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}