barbitos Latin · revision 36588

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=65–8 BC, Horace|origins=grc βάρβιτος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈbar.bɪ.tɔs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈbar.bi.tos]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''barbitos''' ''m''^(Wiktionary)

+ It is found almost only in the nominative, the accusative ''barbiton'' and the vocative ''barbite''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+ Ovid makes it feminine once.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+ Ausonius has a neuter plural ''barbita'',^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) and Martianus Capella a neuter ''barbiton''.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|βάρβιτος|tr=bárbitos|t=lyre]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler, following Frisk, calls the Greek word a foreign word of unknown origin.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis and Short find it only from the Augustan period.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace addresses his lyre: ''age dīc Latīnum, barbite, carmen'', “come, lyre, sing a Latin song”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It names a lyre, properly one of lower pitch;^(OLD 2012) Georges adds that it originally differed from the ''lyra'' by its deeper tone and greater number of strings but was often confused with it.^(Georges 1913) It remained a word of poetry, used by Ovid, Statius, Claudian and Sidonius,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) and church Latin knew it as a lute or lyre.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace addresses his lyre as ''barbite''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it in the ''Heroides''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius uses it in the ''Silvae''.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 310–394 AD – Ausonius uses the neuter plural ''barbita''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|lyre]], properly one of lower pitch; a [[m|en|lute]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}