candesco Latin · revision 36563

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=la candeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kanˈdeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kanˈdɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''candēscō''' (present infinitive candēscere, perfect active canduī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|candeō|-scō|t1=to shine, be white]], an inchoative verb.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|candeō]] to [[itc-pro|*kand-ē-|t=to shine]] and explains its vowel, unexpected beside a root [[ine-pro|*knd-]], as arising in formations such as [[m|ine-pro|*knd-ro-|t=shining]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[cy|cann|t=brilliant]] and [[sa|चन्द्र|tr=candrá-|t=brilliant]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first example in the OLD is in Lucretius, of iron that grows red-hot in the fire: ''ferrum candescit in igni''.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Besides growing hot or red-hot, which Propertius, Ovid, Vitruvius and Pliny the Elder also use it for,^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) it meant to grow white, as when Tibullus hopes his head may turn white with grey hair,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and to grow bright: Ovid has the air turning purple and then, a little later, growing light at sunrise.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short call it rare and mostly poetic.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Augustine uses it figuratively in ''corde candescere'', to be pure of heart.^(Conte 2010) Church Latin kept the senses of growing white, shining and glowing.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of iron growing red-hot in the fire.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 55–19/18 BC – Tibullus uses it of a head growing white.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of the air growing light at sunrise.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine has ''corde candescere'', to be pure of heart.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To grow light, [[m|en|brighten]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To grow [[m|en|white]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To become hot, [[m|en|glow]], grow [[m|en|red-hot]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Late Latin, figurative)'' In ''corde candescere'': to be pure of heart.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[excandēscō]]

+ * [[incandēscō]]

+ * [[recandescō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[candefaciō]]

+ * [[candēla]]

+ * [[candēns]]

+ * [[candentia]]

+ * [[candeō]]

+ * [[candicō]]

+ * [[candidō]]

+ * [[candidus]]

+ * [[candificō]]

+ * [[candor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}