insociabilis Latin · revision 36551

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=59 BC–17 AD, Livy|origins=la socius}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnsociābilis''' (neuter īnsociābile); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|sociābilis|t2=easily joined]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The adjective [[m|la|sociābilis]] is formed on [[m|la|sociō|t=to join, associate]], from [[m|la|socius|t=companion]],^(OLD 2012) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*sokjo-]] and [[ine-pro|*sokʷ-(h₂)-i-o-|t=companion]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|सखा|tr=sákhā|t=friend, companion]] and [[ang|secg|t=man, fellow, warrior]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Livy,^(Köbler 2010) who writes of anger against a people regarded as untamed and impossible to make friends with, ''tamquam indomitae et insociābilī gentī''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means not admitting friendship or alliance, intractable,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and is used with a dative: Livy says that some were hostile to the whole human race, ''omnī generī hūmānō insociābilēs''.^(Conte 2010) Of things it meant incompatible: Pliny the Elder uses it of woods that cannot be glued together and of trees of different natures.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Curtius and Tacitus use it of a kingdom that cannot be shared,^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) and Tacitus also of setting an old woman against her daughter-in-law.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short call it mostly post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In British medieval Latin it meant without a companion, and theologians used it of the relations within the Trinity.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of a people that admits no alliance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Curtius uses it of a kingdom that cannot be shared.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of incompatible woods.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of an unshareable throne.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Not admitting friendship or [[m|en|alliance]]; [[m|en|intractable]], [[m|en|unsociable]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of things, that cannot be combined, [[m|en|incompatible]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # That cannot be held in partnership or shared.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Without a companion; in theology, of the relations within the [[m|en|Trinity]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sociābilis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}